This Book to be transmitted to His Excelly Governor Phillip in case of any accident happening to me —
Norfolk Island Jany 1st 1789 -

[Page 2]

Continuation Of
A Daily Journal Of
The Transactions & Cc On
Norfolk Island
In The Pacific Ocean
For The Years 1787, 1788,1789, 1790
Vol 2nd

[Page 3]

Week Days
-Mo Days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observation &c

January 1789 Tuesday
-13
-EbN
-Very good Landing
-

Wednesday
-14
-NE
-D°
-

Thursday
-th 15
-NE
-D°
But a great Swell betn the Islands
-Mary Gamble one of ye Female Convicts wounded a Boar in a dangerous manner by throwing an ax at it, Tyed her to the Cart & sentenced her 12 dozen lashes but in consideration of her being the 1st Woman brought into that situation I forgave her

Friday
-th 16
-D°
-good landg here but a great Surf in Ball Bay this Wind bearing right in —
-

Saturday
-th 17
-D°
-D°
-

[Page 4]

Transactions on Norfolk Island state of Wr &c
                 
Moderate Breezes & Cloudy weather. 12 Men clearing away & Turning up Ground in Arthurs Vale. 8 Clearing away in the Swamp. 1 Man Thrashing of Wheat, both Sawpits at Work & Three Carpenters about the Commandants house. Blacksmith also employed making Iron work for a roller —

Fresh Breezes & Cloudy dark Weather, people all employed as before, at 6 AM. sent the Coble men to Ball Bay, But a great Surf running there, prevented them from bringing her here.

Strong Gales & Cloudy Wr — People all employed as before. Sent Party's out to different parts of the Island to search after Jas Robingon who has been missing since his returning from Ball Bay Yesterday. In the Eveng the Partys returned without any tidings of him —

D° Wr with heavy Squalls of Wind at 6 AM Sent out another party to find Jas Robingon at 8 they returned with him he being much fatigued & hungred not having had any thing to eat since the 14th in the Morng. People all employed as before —

D° Wr Squalls as before. People employed Workg on their Gardens.

[Page 5]

Week days
-Mo Days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

January 1789 Sunday
-th 18
-NE
-Not the least surf. A surf still running in Ball bay which prevents our launching the Boat.

Monday
-th 19
-NE
-Very good Landing -
-

Tuesday
-th 20
-North East
-D°
-The Caterpillars are very Troublesome destroying every vegetable as fast as it comes up & likewise eating off the pods &: seeds of those which are preserving for seed — which I imagine is owing to the great drought —

Wednesday
-st 21
-North -D°
-

[Page 6]

Transactions on Norfolk Island state of Wr &c

Fresh Gales & Clear Weather, at 10 AM performed Divine Service & Baptised the new born Infant by the Name of Norfolk, he being the first born on the Island —

Strong Gales of Wind. 12 Men Turning up Cleared Ground in Arthurs Vale for sowing Wheat on, Both Sawpits at Work, 3 Carpenters about the Commandants house, one Man making an inlosure for keeping poultry. There being but little surf sent the Coble men to Ball Bay to bring the Coble round at 2 she landed here & hauled her up. Punished Thos Watts alias Watson with 2 dozen Lashes for contemptuously neglecting going to Work on being ordered by the Corpl of Marines 1 Man Lame —

Fresh Gales. People all employed as before at daylight sent the Coble to fish at 11 she returned with only 10 — Cut a small patch of Barley, sowed in [blank space] 1 Man Lame —

D° & dark Cloudy Weather with a few light Showers of Rain. At noon the 12 men employed in Clearing away Ground, compleated their Task of Clearing & turning up two acres in 28 days, they began 29th December & their term finishes on Sunday Monday will be given them as some of the People has been lame — Carpenters & Sawyer as before. Sent the Coble out to fish she returned with only 20 Issued them to a part of the
[written on previous page] people 4 lb of Fish in Lieu of 1/2 a Lb of Pork —

[Page 7]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Transactions &c

JanY 1789 Thursday -nd 22
-NNW
-Very good Landing.
-

Friday -rd 23
-WNW.
-D°
-

Saturday -th 24
-West
Variable
-
-Not the least Surf.

[Page 8]

Transactions &c on Norfolk Island state of Wr &c

Very Strong Gales of Wind & Cloudy Weather, Carpenters & Sawyers employed as before — 1 Man Lame

D° Weather with very heavy rain, during the night & day, Carpenters employed as before. At noon read the Articles of War, As well as the Rules & Regulationg for the Marines when serving on shore — 1 Man lame.

Moderate Breezes & very pleasant Weather, at 9 AM Robert Webb Gardner came to the Commandant & informed him that a plan was laid by the Convicts to take the Island. The Circumstances attending which are contained in the different depositiong, Confined Noah Mortimer, Wm Francis & Samuel Pickett Convicts as principals, also Jn° Thompson Convict for stealing Indian Corn, off the Corn growing in Arthurs Vale. Removed the Sergt & Corporals house from the Water side to its place next the Surgeong, pitched the Marines & free People round the Store houses &c aused every person to come in out of the Country.

[Page 9]

Week days
-Mo
days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

JanuY 1789 Sunday
-th 25
-Not the least Surf
-Variable
-

Monday
-th 26
-A very great Surf
-ENE
-

Administred the oath of Fidelity & allegiance to the Officers Marines & Free people.

Tuesday
-th 27
-D°
-NE
-

[Page 10]

Transactions on Norfolk Island state of Wr &c

Moderate Breezes & dark Gloomy Weather with frequent Showers of very heavy rain. Sent the Coble round to Ball Bay to bring every thing belonging to those settled there, at 11 AM Performed Divine Service —

Strong Gales of Wind & heavy rain most part of the day during the Morning examined Witnesses on oath respecting the Plot laid to take the Island &c. After which discharged Noah Mortimer (who did not appear to be so guilty as S. Pickett & W. Francis) keeping Irons on him as also on Thos Watson, they being both in some measure Guilty. In the afternoon Employed the Convicts Cutting down trees & opening an avenue round the Commandts house. Punished J.Jones Convict with 3 dozn lashes for insolence & contempt to Messrs Donavan & Jamison

Fresh Gales & dark Cloudy Weather with heavy rain at times. Convicts Employed Clearing away & Cutting down trees to enlarge the ground where the houses are built, in order to place the Convicts by themselves. 2 Men Sick — began gathering the Indian Corn that was sowed in [blank space] 2 Men Sick.

[Page 11]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

JanY 1789 WednesY
-th 28
-ENE
-A great Surf
-I am very much of opinion that this is the rainy Season As the Rain was very violent & frequent when we first came here in March —

Thursday
-th 29
-NE
-D°
-

Friday
-th 30
-D°
-The Surf very heavy
-

Saturday
-st 31
-NNW
-Surf Decreasg
fast.
-

FebY 1789 Sunday
-st 1
-North -good Landing
-

Monday
-nd 2
-NW
-D°
-Almost every Vegitable seeding is growing out again by the late Rains, & the Trees are covered with fresh leaves —

Tuesday
-rd 3
-D°
-D°
-

[Page 12]

Transactions on Norfolk Island state of Wr &c

Moderate Gales & very dark Cloudy Weather with almost constant Showers of Rain. People Employed Clearing away round the houses &c. Punished Joseph Long Convict with one dozen lashes for leaving his work & absenting himself without leave. 5 Men blinded by the Maple Sap getting into their Eyes —

Strong Gales & very dark Cloudy Weather, People all employed as before. 4 Men sick & Blinded. Incessant rain all day —

D° Wr with rain as before, People all employed as before. 2 Men sick —

Strong Gales of Wind & Cloudy Weather, People all employed as before 2 Men sick, at Noon punished Wm Thompson Convict with 50 Lashes for stealing Indian Corn from the Plantation. A heavy rain in ye night

D° Wr with very heavy rain during the whole Day & night, 2 Men sick, at 1 1 AM performed Divine Service & read the Articles of War.

Very heavy Gales of Wind & Strong torrents of Rain. Very little Work done on Account of the Weather 1 Man ss.

D° Wr with less Rain. Convicts employed opening the ground round where the houses are built in order to erect more houses there. The late Wet Weather has almost spoiled the whole of the Barley cut the 20th JanY.

[Page 13]

Week days
-Mo
days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

FebY 1789 Wednesday
-th 4
-NE
-Very good Landing.
-The Indian Corn & plants growing in different places has received much damage by the constant rain. I think it will be necessary for the future to sow the Indian Corn, in June or July at the latest, in order to get it off the Ground in December, before the rainy Wr setts in. The Barley cut on the 20th JanY is quite spoiled by the constant rain — The Swamp is quite overflowed by the late heavy rains —

Thursday
-5
-North -A great Surf
-

Friday
-th 6
-D°
-D°
-

Saturday
-th 7
-NNW.
-Very good Landing
-

Sunday
-th 8
-West
-D°
-

Sunday
-9
-Varble
-D°
-

[Page 14]

Transactions on Norfolk Island state of the Wr &c

Very Strong Gales of Wind with Almost constant Showers of very heavy rain, which was so violent As to prevent any work — 2 Men lame

D° Wr with constant torrents of Rain. No work could be done on account of the very heavy rain. 2 Men lame

Excessive heavy Gales of Wind & very heavy Squalls of Wind & torrents of Rain during the Whole night, with very Severe Lightning, & but little Thunder. More Moderate Towards Noon — People employed Felling Trees & Clearing away round the houses — 2 Men Lame —

Strong Gales of Wind & very heavy torrents of rain in Squalls. People employed building up Hutts

Fresh Gales with some showers of heavy rain at 10 A.M. Performed Divine Service —

Moderate Breezes & dark Cloudy Wr the People all employed building up their houses & getting Timber to the Pitts. Punished Thos Watson Convict with 3 dozen Lashes & Josh Robinson Convict with 1 Dozen, for absenting themselves from their Quarters after 10 at night with a bad intention. 2 Men Lame, at daylight sent the Coble outside the Reef to Fish at 11 She returned with 30 fish issued them to the People 31b of Fish for 1/2 a Lb of Pork. 8 Men unserved —

[Page 15]

Week days
-Mo
days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

February 1789 Tuesday
-th 10
-NNE
-Bad Landing.
-

Wednesday
-th 11
-D°
-Less Surf
-Sent the Coble fishing at noon she returned served 3 Lbs of Fish for 1/2 a Lb of Pork

Thursday
-th 12
-D°
-D°
-

Friday
-th 13
-NW
-D°
-This is the first dry day, that we have had since the 24th of JanY having had for the most part torrents of Rain.

Saturday
-th 14
-ESE
-Bad Landing.
-

Sunday
-15
-East
-D°
-

[Page 16]

Transactions on Norfolk Island state of the Wr &c

Strong Gales & Dark Gloomy Weather, with very heavy Squalls of Wind & Rain, in the intervals people employed building up their houses One Carpenter boarding in the Granary. 2 Men Lame —

D° Wr & Squalls more Violent than Yesterday People employed building up their houses & 2 Men ss.

Fresh Gales & Cloudy Wr with some very heavy squalls of rain. People all employed as before 2 Men Lame

Fresh breezes & Cloudy Wr with 2 Showers of Rain sent ye Coble out to fish at noon she returned with 30, issued them 3 Lb of fish for 1 Lb of Beef

Very heavy Gales of Wind. The People finished all their houses 1 Man Lame.

Moderate Breezes & very serene pleasant Weather at 10 A.M. performed divine Service. Samual Pickett and Wm Francis were forgiven by the Commandant, but ordered to wear light Irons untill the Governor in Chiefs orders should be received respecting them. 1 Man Lame

[Page 17]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

February 1789 Monday
-th 16
-East
-Very good Landing
-

Tuesday
-th 17
-D°
-Not the least Surf.
-

Wednesday
-th 18
-D°
-D°
-

Thursday
-th 19
-NE
-D°
-

Friday
-th 20
-Variable
-A very heavy Surf
-

Saturday
-st 21
-East
-D°
-

[Page 18]

Transactions on Norfolk Island state of Wr &c

Moderate Breezes & very serene pleasant Weather on getting up the Ground two of Flour Cask from under the Surgeong house found a Great Quantity of Water had lodged during the yrs Rains On Opening the Cask found the Flour in them very much damaged, As Many of the Casks were like dough, Cannot ascertain the Quantity lost till the whole 36 Casks which were in Ground Store are opened People Employed Felling Trees Sawyers Sawing 2 Carpenters Variously — 2 Men Lame.

D° Wr Employed Airing & Cleaning the damaged Flour 2. Men Lame.

D° Wr 12 Men at Task Work, in Clearing away Ground, Sawyers at Task Work also 4 Men bringing in flax plant &c for building a house for the Corporal, at Daylight sent the Coble without the Reef to fish at noon she returned with 40 fish issued them 4 Lb of fish for ½ a Lb. of Pork — 1 Man Lame —

D° Wr &: very hazey with some drizling Rain, People all employed as before. 2 Men Lame.

Little wind & very Sultry close foggy weather People all employed as before at task Work —

D° Wr People Empd Working for themselves In the afternoon the Marines & Militia fired 15 Rounds of Powder

[Page 19]

Week days
-Mo
days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

FebrY 1789 Sunday
-nd 22
-East
-Very Bad Landing.
-

Monday
-rd 23
-NE
-Surf decreasing -
-

Tuesday
-th 24
-North -Scarce any Surf.
-

Wednesday
-th 25
-NE East
-D°
Increasing after Noon.
-

Thursday
-th 26
-ESE untill 11 AM then South at eight PM SSW.
-The Surf rose to a very great height & broke most tremendously. The Sea between the Island's ran Mountains high, very often hiding Nepeans Island entirely —

[Page 20]

Transactions on Norfolk Island State of Wr &c

Moderate Breezes & dark Cloudy Wr with a few Showers of light rain, at 10 A.M. performed Divine Service 1 Man Lame —

D° Wr with Rain as before 12 Men employed at Task Work Carpenters building a house for the Serjeant of Marines 12 feet by eight. Sawyers at Task Work, & the rest of the people bringing in Flax plant for thatching & Poles for paling —

Moderate Breezes & dark Cloudy Wr with almost constant light rain. People all employed as before.

First part Light Winds & dark Cloudy Weather with constant Torrants of very heavy Rain, after noon, had very heavy Gales of Wind with Rain as before, Sent the Coble out to fish at noon she returned with 40 fish Issued them 31b of fish for ½ lb of Pork — People all employed as before — No work today —

At Midnight very heavy Gales of wind & torrents of rain, the Wind at ESE & increasing in violence at 4 A.M. several pines of 180' in length & [blank space] yds in girth were blown up by the roots, one of which fell on the Pigs Stye & killed a Sow with a litter of Pigs belonging to the Commandant from 4 A.M. till Noon the Wind increased to a dreadfull hurricane, with deluges of Rain Pigs & livestock, Trees of the largest kinds

[Page 21]

[written across double page]

were blowing down every instant tearing up their Roots & Rocks with them, leaving, beds of 10 feet deep & the longest & largest Roots I ever saw, some of these very large trees were thrown by the violence of the Wind at some distance from where they grew, those pines which were strong enough to resist the force of the Wind bent their tops very near the Ground, Nothing but horror & desolation presented itself on every side which can only be equalled or conceived but by those who have seen the dreadfull effects of a Hurricane in the West Indies, what added more to the Horror of the Scene was a very large live oak tree being blown on the Granary, which dashed it to pieces & stove a Number of the Casks of Flour, but by the General Activity of every Person, the Flour Indian Corn & Stores, were in a Short time Collected & removed to the Commandants house with the loss of about half a Cask of Flour, & some small Stores.
At Noon the Gale blew with the utmost Fury & violence sweeping, Woods of trees up by the Roots & carrying some of them to a considerable distance, at one oclock there were as many Trees fell round the Settlement as would have employed 50 Men a fortnight to fall, The Swamps & Vale were quite overflowed by 11 oclock & had every appearance of a large navigable river It was a fortunate Circumstance that on the discovery of the Plot a great number of Pine & live oak Trees were failed round the Houses, to open the Ground, had not this been done all ye houses would have been destroyed & a Number of lives must have been lost, but only one man received a Contusion on his Hip by a branch of a Pine falling on him The Gardens, at this Settlement were quite destroyed the Cabbages Turnips & other Plants were torn up by the Roots 8c those few which withstood the hurricane appeared as if they had been burnt — The Sugar cane growing here is much damaged altho' Supported by a Stick & screened by a high Fence, at 3 oclock the Wind having veered to South it moderated & Continued Moderating untill the next day — Ab't 4 oclock P.M. The Gardner with 2 Convicts & one Convict Woman came in from the plantation in

[Page 23]

Arthurs Vale having had several narrow escapes, by the Fall of trees & the great depth of Water in many places, Their Houses which were built & framed with Strong logs were all Blown down. The devastation done in the Vale is beyond belief nor can the dreadfull effects of the Hurricane there be descrlbed, whole Woods and hills being blown up by the Roots & many Trees fallen blown on the 3 Acres of Cleared Ground, The violence & Direction of the Wind is marked by the all the Trees on the hills on the Right hand side of the Vale being blown down & very little damage being done on the left hand side several Clumps of very large trees which were left Standing on the flat part of the Vale were torn up by the roots & an acre of Indian Corn which would have been fit to gather in 3 Weeks, & was in a very promising state was all laid flatt & overflowed some feet by the Water, every Thing growing in the Garden is almost quite destroyed.

[Page 24]

There is no appearance on any part of the Island of a Gale of Wind of this Kind having ever happned before, It may be said that the Vale & the Spot where the Settlement is made, was a direction for the Wind, But the great damage & the number of Trees blown up by the Roots in places which were not cleared at all sufficiently proves that Hurricanes of this Kind are not frequent.

[Page 25]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

February 1789 Friday
-th 27
-SW
-A
Very heavy Surf.
-

Saturday
-th 28
-D°
-A great Surf but decreasing.
-

March. Sunday
-st 1
-D°
-Sea& Surf decreasg
-

Monday
-nd
2
-D°
-Very good Landing.
-One Female Child born —
At 4 PM the Supply weighed & stood off & on for the night lighted a Fire —

[Page 26]

Transactions on Norfolk Island state of Wr &c

Fresh Gales with passing Showers of Rain, Every Person in the Settlement employed earthing up the Indian Corn blowed down Yesterday, & about some other necessary work — killed a Young boar belonging to ye Crown which was bruised by the Falling of a pine on the pig stye Yesterday, served [indecipherable] out to the Officers & a part of the people in Lieu of Salt Pork — The Swamp is entirely overflowed —

D° Wr & Cloudy. People all employed as Yesterday. The Swamp continues overflowed

Fresh Gales & very Cloudy Wr did not perform divine Service the Commandants house being full of Flour. The Swamp is still much overflowed.

Moderate Breezes in the Eveng Fresh Gales at day light perceived His Majesties Armed Tender Supply standing in to the Roads. Made the Alarm, & kept the Marines & Militia under Arms. Sent the Coble with Mr. Dunavon onbd the Supply, when he got onboard dismissed the Marines &c. In the Course of the day got most part of the Convicts provisions & Stores from onboard the Supply.

[Page 27]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

March 1789 Tuesday
-rd 3
-ENE
-An increasing Surf
-Reced one 1/2 barrell of Gunpowder -4 prs of Pistols. Pistol Flints Musquet Flints

WednesY
-th 4
-NE
-Very good Landing
-

Thursday
-th 5
-East
-good Landing did not make the Signal —
-

Friday
-th 6
-D°
-A bad Surf
-

Saturday
-7
-D°
-No Surf
-

[Page 28]

Transactions on Norfolk Island State of ye Wr &c

Moderate Breezes &: Pleasant Wr At Daylight received onghore one turn of provisions An increasing Surf coming on did not receive any more for the day. 6 Men at Task work Sawyers sawing for Port Jackson

D° & Very pleasant Weather, received all the people & provisions, as also ye two three Pounders. People all employed as before —

Fresh Breezes & Cloudy Wr. The landing to day is good, but not advisable The Supply anchored in the Road at 10 in the morng & at 2 P.M. Weighed & stood off & on People all employed as before —

Modt Breezes & pleasant Wr The Supply standing off &: on & her boats Sweeping for her anchor People all empd at Task Work & bringing in Wood &c for erecting the houses for those who came last

D° & very pleasant Weather In the Morning sent the Coble off to the Supply & reced onghore all the ordnance Stores belonging to the two, two pounders & one half barrell of Gun powder. People employed working for themselves.

[Page 29]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

March 1789 Sunday
-8
-ESE
-Bad Landing.
-

Monday
-th 9
-East
-Very good Landing.
-

Tuesday
-th 10
-ENE
-D°
-

WednesY
-th 11
-East
-good Landing
-

Thursday
-th 12
-SE
-An increasing Surf
-

Friday
-th 13
-ESE
-A great Surf
-

[Page 30]

Transactions on Norfolk Island state of Wr &c

Fresh breezes & Cloudy. The Supply standing off & on all day, at 10 A.M. The Surgeon examined all the people who came by the Golden Grove Supply, at 11 performed Divine Service —

D° Wr 12 Men Employed at Task work, those who Came last employed building their houses The Supply sweeping for her anchor I went off & dined onboard her.

Modt breezes & Cloudy. People employed as before sent a quantity of Plank onboard the Supply At 4 In the Afternoon His Majesties Armed Tender the Supply sailed hence for Port Jackson —

Fresh breezes People all employed as before & Clearing away about the houses. 1 Man ss.

D° Wr & dark & Cloudy. Wind increasing, People employed variously this being a broken week 1 Man ss.

Fresh Gales & dark Cloudy Weather, with a few showers of Small rain, People employed building their houses & one Sawpitt at Task Work Almost all the People who came last, are got into very comfortable Houses. 2 Men ss

[Page 31]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

March 1789 Saturday
-th 14
-East
-A very great Surf
-

Sunday
-th 15
-ENE
-The Surf decreasg
-

Monday
-th 16
-D°
-An Increasing Surf.
-

Tuesday
-th 17
-NE
-A Bad Surf
-

WednesY
-th 18
-D°
-Good Landing but a great Sea without
-

[Page 32]

Transactions on Norfolk Island. State of the Wr &c

Fresh Gales & dark Cloudy Wr The People who arrived here by the Supply are completely housed & under Cover. The People Employed working for themselves The Marines & Militia fired 9 rounds of Powder — 2 Men ss —

Moderate Breezes & pleasant Weather, at 11 A.M. Performed divine Service 1 Man sick & one Man Lame.

Fresh Breezes & Cloudy, Squally Weather. 24 Men at Task work in the Vale, clearing away 4 Acres of Ground Sawyers at Task work 2 Marines Lame, & one Convict Sick.

Very Strong Gales of Wind & dark Cloudy Weather with some Showers of Rain. The People all employed as Yesterday 2 Marines Lame, & one Convict, Sick

D° Wr at 8 A.M. sent the Coble without the Reef to fish, she returned immediately there being too great a surf Sea, & it blowing hard. People all employed as before — 2 Marines Lamed, & one Man Sick

[Page 33]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

March 1789 Thursday
-th 19
-NE
-Very good Landing but a great Sea without
-

Friday
-th 20
-D°
-D°
-

Saturday
-st 21
-ENE
-D°
-

Sunday
-nd 22
-D°
-D°
-

Monday
-rd
23
-SE
-DC-
-

2 Marines Lame & one Sick —

[Page 34]

Transactions on Norfolk Island, state of ye Wr &c.

Fresh Gales & Squalley, 30 Men at Task Work clearing away Ground &c the Water Course in Arthurs Vale — at 8 in the Morning sent the Coble without the Reef to fish, at nine She returned not being able to ride at her Killock, 2 Marines Lame —

D° Wr with some Showers of hard Rain. — The People all employed as before — 2 Marines Lame

D° Wr with some Gusts of Wind — People employed Working for themselves 2 Marines Lame —

D° Wr with some heavy Showers of Rain during the night, at 7 A.M. confined Thomas Watson, Convict, for having stolen 3 Lbs of flour from Wm Mariner Convict — at 1 1 A.M. performed Divine Service 2 Marines &: 3 Convicts Lamed —

D° Wr with Rain as before, 30 Men at Task Work clearing away Ground in the Vale Sawyers Sawing Boards for Roofing the Surgeon & Mid-shipmang houses. At 7 A.M. assembled every person, the Marines & Free people under arms & examined Witnesses on oath respecting The Theft committed by Thomas Watson finding him, guilty, he was continued in Confinement to be sent to Port Jackson there to be tryed

[Page 35]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

March 1789 Tuesday
-th 24
-SE
-Very good Landing.
-

Wednesday
-th 25
-SW
-Not the least Surf
-

Thursday
-th 26
-NE
-DC-
-

[Page 36]

Transactions on Norfolk Island State of Wr &c

Strong Breezes & Cloudy Weather, at daylight sent the Coble without the Reef to fish at Noon she returned with 20, issued them out to a part of the Officers &c in Lieu of one Lb of Salt beef deducted from each Mans allce for 3 Lbs of Fish — People all employed as before 2 Marines Lame & one Sick 1 Convict Sick —

Moderate Breezes & Very Pleasant Serene Wr People all employed as before, at 6 AM. sent the Coble without the Reef to fish, at Noon she returned with 60 fish, issued them to the people to compleat Yesterdays Serving at ye Rate of 3 lb of Fish for 1 lb of Salt Beef, at 3 PM punished James Davis Convict with two Dozen Lashes for Throwing the Fish away Contemptuously 1 Marine Lame & one Convict invalided —

Little Wind & dark Cloudy Wr with servl Showers of Rain People all employed as before at daylight Sent the Coble without the Reef to fish at noon she returned with 60 issued them to ye People 3 lb of fish in lieu of 1/2 a lb of Pork -

[Page 37]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

March 1789 Friday
-th 27
-NE East EbS
-Very good Landing
-

Saturday
-th 28
-Varlble
-D°
-

Sunday
-th 29
-S°
-D°
-

Monday
-30
-SW
-An increasing Surf
-Carpenters began framing a Storehouse of 24 feet Long by Sixteen wide 1 Marine & Convict Blacksmith making Fish Hooks, ingide bars for doors, Handle for mounting another Grindstone

[Page 38]

Transactions on Norfolk Island State of Wr &c

Moderate Breezes with dark Gloomy Wr People all employed as before, 3 Winnowing the Seed Wheat which is much injured by the Weevil — 1 Marine Lame & 2 Convicts Sick.

D° Breezes & very pleasant hot Weather, The People employed Working at their Gardens &c. some Employed getting the Weevils out of the Seed Wheat. 1 Marine Lame

D° Wr Sent the Coble out to fish at noon she returned with 40 fish Served almost the whole with 9 Lb of fish each man for 1 lb of Beef 1 Marine & 2 Convicts Lame

Fresh Gales with some passing showers of rain. People all employed at Task Work
Died one of Governments Sows, on opening her found she had been Stabbed which had caused an inflammation of the Intestines This amongst a number of other acts of atrocity distinguish the Convicts here as an act of hardened Miscreants

[Page 39]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

March 1789 Tuesday
-st 31
-NE
-Bad
Landing &
Swell in the
Offing
-I was this day told that one of the Convicts had found out the bark of a tree fit for making lines or Rope, on examing it I found it (as far as I can at present Judge) very proper for the purpose of making Lines Ropes or Cloths. It in many respects answer the descrip given of the Chinese Mulbery paper, by Capt Cooke of which the Inhabitants of Otaheite make their Cloths — On Trial we find that this bark will answer every temporary purpose of tying, but as it very soon rots when Exposed to the Weather it will not answer to be worked —

April WednesY
-st 1
-NE
-A
very heavy Surf.
-

Thursday
-nd 2
-NE
-DC-
-

[Page 40]

Transactions on Norfolk Island state of Wr &c

Fresh Gales & dark Cloudy Weather with an Appearance of Rain The people all Employed as before. The Sugar cane which was planted soon after I landed, being in a very bad place & much exposed to blighting winds, I this day shifted it into the Vale, & found there was a produce of 106 Canes from four Canes planted out — Gathered the remainder of the Indian Corn which was much damaged by the Hurricane 1 Man ss & 1 Lame — 1 Marine & Convict Blacksmith as before

Very Strong Gales of Wind & dark Cloudy Weather with some showers of Rain, People all employed as before — 2 Men ss 1 Marine & Convict Blacksmiths Employed as before at 7 P.M. Fired a 3 pounder as a direction for two Marines who had lost themselves in the Woods, at 8 P.M. they returned having heard the Gun.

Very Strong Gales of Wind & Cloudy Wr People Employed as before. Died a Sow of Governments the apparent cause of it was occassioned by eating a quantity of the Fern root — Sowed 3/4 of an Acre of Ground with Wheat. A Very heavy Sea rung in the Bay —

[Page 41]

Week days
-Mo
days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

April 1789 Friday
-rd 3
-NNE
-Very good Landing.
-

Saturday
-th 4
-D°
-D°
-

Sunday
-th 5
-North -Not a break of a Surf.
-

Monday
-th 6
-+ Varble
-but little Surf.
-Sent the Coble out & served 9 lb of Fish for 1/2 a lb of Pork-

[Page 42]

Transactions on Norfolk Island State of ye Weather &c

Fresh Gales & Cloudy People all employed at Task Work at 8 A.M. Sent the Coble without the Reef to fish at noon she retd without having caught any — sent them to fish behind ye Reef in order to compleat ye Survey of the 29th March which was compleated—

D° Wr People employed at their Gardens &c. Too much Sea without to send the Coble out —

Strong Gales & Dark Gloomy Weather, at 5 PM. came on heavy rain with some Thunder & Lightning, at 10 AM. performed Divine Service. Thos Jones Convict acquainted the Commandant that his Term of Trangport expired this Day, on which the Commandant declared him to be a freeman & at liberty to work for the Crown, or Individuals untill His Excellency the Governor in Chiefs order should be received respecting him.

Moderate breezes & very pleasant Weather 30 Men employed at Task Work. Sowed 1 Acre of Wheat in Arthurs Vale, Carpenters building a Store house &: Sawyers Sawing for it Boards —

[Page 43]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

April 1789 Tuesday
-th 7
-NorY
-Very good Landing.
-Upward of 80 Large hooks have been broken & near 3 dozen of Lines carried away by the very large Sharks & Rock Cod which abound here, The largest hooks with links are quite necessary

Wednesday
-th 8
-Varble
-D°
-

Thursday
-th 9
-ESE
-D°
-

Friday
-10
-NE
-DC-
-

[Page 44]

Transactions on Norfolk Island State of Wr &c

D° Wr People all employed at Task Work Carpenters at Task Work building a Store house, at daylight sent the Coble to fish at Noon she brought a quantity but not sufficient to serve all hands, at ye rate of 3 lb of Fish for 1 lb of Beef

Moderate Breezes & very pleasant Weather, at day light sent the Coble without the Reef to fish at Noon she retd with just sufficient to serve the people that were not served Yesterday All the Hooks & a large line carried away by very large fish, at 4 P.M. punished Noah Mortimer Convict with 5 Dozen Lashes for refusing to Work, on being ordered by the overseer, this is the sixth offence of the Kind he has been guilty of

D° Wr & rather Sultry, Got the Forge up again & employed Jn° Willamson Marine, Making Fish-hooks, ye large fish having carried away all the hooks which were brought & sent here as also six made since. People all empd at Task Work —

Fresh Gales &: dark Cloudy Weather, this being Good Friday no work was done & performed divine Service. —

[Page 45]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

April 1789 Saturday
-th 11
-NE
-Not the least Surf
-Blacksmith finished six hooks & Chains for fishing — 10 of the Convicts were lost in the Woods owing to the darkness of the Wr. Fired 2 Great Guns for them at 9 they returned being directed by the Guns —

Sunday
-th 12
-D°
NW
-D°
-The Beans & many other things growing at the Garden in the Vale, is quite Blighted by the WNW Wind, which confirms me in the Idea of not sowing any Garden seed before June. It is very unfortunate that I am obliged to sow all the potatoes as they grow out fast, & to keep them would be loosing them entireley & I think there is a great chance of their not doing well at this Season, but every precaution will be taken for their preservation.

Monday
-th 13
-S.b.W.
-A very heavy Surf.
-

Tuesday
-th 14
-SSE
-D°
-

[Page 46]

Transactions on Norfolk Island state of ye Wr &c

Strong Gales of Wind & hard Rain most part of the day. 3 of the Tasks finished — sent the Coble out but it blowing so very strong was obliged to return immediately.

Very Strong Gales of Wind & some very heavy gusts accompanied with heavy torrents of Rain at 11 A.M. Performed divine Service 1 Man ss.

Very heavy Gales of Wind & the Gusts frequent & very Strong, at 3 A.M. it came on to blow much harder & ye Wind shifted from WNW to S.W: There being four pines left standing which made it dangerous for the people to Stay in their houses called every one up & fell the above four pines. The People empd a part at Task Work & a part Sowing 3 Acres of Wheat, with 4 Bushell & one peck of Seed — This is ye upper patch.

Strong Gales of Wind with Squalls, Two Gangs Clearing away ground at the Garden & ye other 3 Gangs time is not yet Expired, put one of them to dig out a Cellar under the new Storehouse for containing Salt provisions.

[Page 47]

Week days
-Mo
days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

April 1789 WednesY
-th 15
-South -A
great Surf.
-

Thursday
-th 16
-SSE
-D°
-

Friday
-th 17
-SE
-A
decreasing Surf
-

Saturday
-th 18
-D°
-D°
-

[Page 48]

Transactions on Norfolk Island, State of Wr &c

Strong Gales of Wind & Cloudy Weather with some Squalls of heavy Rain the People all Employed as before This is the first Southerly wind which has blown with any degree of Force & from the 6th of March (ye day I landed) to the 1st of April we had no Southerly winds which makes me imagine that the Southerly & Westerly Winds are not frequent in the Summer not having Experienced one Gale from that Quarter during the Last Summer —

D° Wr with Squalls as before, 3 Gangs employed sowing 3 Acres of Ground in the Vale & one bringing in Stakes & Flax for repairing the Guard house &c. The Weather is rather sharp & Cold. 2 Men ss.

Moderate Gales & Squalley Weather. 2 Gangs bringing in Flax &c for rebuilding the Guard house & 2 Gangs getting Timber off The Hill — 2 Men ss —

D° Wr with some showers. People Employed Working for themselves,

[Page 49]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

April 1789 Sunday
-th 19
-ESE Calm.
-Very good Landing.
-

Monday
-th 20
-NE
-Not the least Surf-
-Reced Fish enough by the Coble to compleat the Serving of Yesterday.

Tuesday
-st 21
-NNW
-Do
-Eight acres of Wheat is up & has a very fine appearance vizt seven acres in the Vale &: one in the Back field —

[Page 50]

Transactions on Norfolk Island State of Wr &c

Moderate Breezes & Warm Weather, at daylight sent the Coble without the Reef to fish at Noon she returned with sufficient to serve 1/2 the people, at 11 AM performed Divine Service —

D° Wr with Clear pleasant Serene Weather & rather Sultry. 3 Gangs of 6 Men each clearing away ground, in the Vale 4 Men assisting the Surgeon & Midshipman in clearing their Garden Ground &c. Sawyers at Task Work & Blacksmiths making bolts & hinges for the Commandants house. Carpenters about the Commandants house as there is not a sufficiency of Boards cut for their going on about the Store house. Levingstone making a Spinning Wheel for making fishing lines.

Fresh Gales & Cloudy Weather at daylight sent the Coble to fish at noon she returned with fish sufficient to serve a great part of the people in lieu of 1/2 a Lb of Pork — The People all employed as before. Carpenters making a roller for rolling Wheat.

[Page 51]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing &Surf
-Observations &c

April 1789 Wednesday
-nd 22
-NW WSW
-Not the Least Surf
-I shall be obliged to break up the first gang, as The Shingle maker is in it. & as it will be necessary to make the landing Place as commodious & safe as posslble shall not form that Gang again as they are six of the best convicts on the Island. & will do a great deal of necessary Work in the farming Way & still be kept at Task Work — for this month to come it will be necessary to keep them at short Tasks on acct. of Clearing away the Reef at Low water. — sent the Coble out she brought fish enough to compleat Saturdays Serving

Thursday Friday
-rd 23
th 24
-S.W. D°
-A
great Surf
But little Surf.
-

Saturday
-th 25
-WSW
-D°
-

Sunday
-26
-D°
-Not any Surf.
-

Monday
-th 27
-D°
-DC-
-

[Page 52]

Transactions on Norfolk Island state of Wr &c

Very Strong Gales of Wind &: dark Cloudy Wr with some very heavy Squalls of Rain — at daylight sent the Coble out to fish & received by her a Sufficiency to serve the people — Empd 4 Men working for 2 hours at knocking off the outer part of the Reef to facilitate the entrance of Boats. One Man making Shingles to cover the Store house & 2 others cross cutting

Moderate Gales with some heavy Squalls of Rain, People all employed as before
Moderate breezes & Clear \Vr People all empd as before, at !/a Ebb employed Six men to knock away the outer part of the Reef till Va tide.

D° Wr People employed Working for themselves at Noon sett a party of Hands about clearS away ye outer part of the Reef till 1/2 flood. 2 Men ss — Sent the Coble out & reced suff to serve most part of the people.

Very pleasant Serene fine Weather, at 10 AM performed Divine Service — 1 Convict Lame. Confined John Williams Marine for breeding a Quarrell & fighting with one of his Comrades in a Convicts house.

D° Wr at 10 AM Assembled the Marines & Free people under arms; under the Flaggstaff on which the Colours were hoisted & punished John Williams Marine with 1 Dozen Lashes for

[Page 54]

Transactions on Norfolk Island state of ye Wr &c

challenging his comrade, & unsoldier like behaviour & one Dozen Lashes Striking & fighting with his Comrade in a Convicts house. 3 Gangs at Task Work Clearing Ground, four Convicts assisting the Mid. & Surgeon — one Gang making Shingles & Clearing away the landing place at ye lowwater Sawyers Sawing board &c for the Store house & Carpenters Employed Variously —

Moderate Breezes & Cloudy. The people all employed as before at Day light sent the Coble out to fish at Noon she returned with sufficient to serve all but eight — 1 Man Lame & one Sick.

D° Wr had three very heavy Squalls of Rain from the Westward, People all employed as before 1 Man Lame & 1 Sick the Coble brought in fish enough to serve for this Week —

D° Wr People all employed as before — The Weather has been very pleasant all this Month, & this day is as warm as the midst of Summer, altho' it cannot be said the we have experienced any Sultry Weather. 1 Man Lame.

Dark Gloomy Weather, in the Evening had very heavy Showers of Rain, The People all employed as before 1 Man Lame

[Page 53]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

April 1789 Continuation Monday
-th 27
-WSW
-Not the least Surf
-On the 29th I found that 30 Bundles of Flax put into Soak in Octr was sufficiently rotted to pass it thro' the Hackle broke off 4 Men to Clean it. I think that had there been a large pitt made & a great quantity of the Flax put in, that it would have been in a state of preparation much sooner — I mean to let it remain 3 days longer in the Water & on Monday next to make the Women Wash it in running Water, & afterwards dry it & then pass it thro' the Hackles.

Tuesday
-th 28
-D°
-D°
-

Wednesday
-th 29
-NorY
Varb.
-D°
-

Thursday
-th 30
very
-East
Very warm Weather
-D°
-

May
Friday
-st 1
-NW.
-D°
-

[Page 55]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations & c

May 1789 Saturday
-nd 2
-Varble
-Very good Landing
-On ye 7th I observed all the Wheat which had a very fine appearce was blighted in many places particularly where thinnest sown on looking into it found it was entirely covered by a small caterpillar which had eaten off ye stems that occasioned ye blades dying, it is rather alarming; as I did hope by the Wheat being sown at this time of ye Year that nothing would have infested it.

Sunday
-rd 3
-W.S.W.
-Indifferent Landing.
-

Monday
-th 4
-WNW
-Bad Landing
-

Tuesday
-th 5
-West
-Indifferent Landing.
-

Wednesday
-th 6
-North -Bad Landing.
-

Thursday
-th 7
-WSW.
-D°
-

Friday
-th 8
-SW
-D°
-

[Page 56]

Transactions on Norfolk Island state of Wr &c

Little Wind & dark Cloudy Weather with heavy Showers of Rain — People working for themselves — 1 Man Lame. & 1 Sick

Moderate Breezes & Cloudy Weather at 10 AM Performed divine Service 2 Convicts Lame & one Sick.

D° Wr 3 Gangs Clearing away Ground, one Gang Rolling Wheat, one Gang Sawing making & Drawing Shingles, 2 Sawpits, sawing Weather boarding for ye Store house 4 Men assisting the Midshipman & Surgeon in clearing away &c. 2 Men & all the Women washing Flax. 2 Convts Lame

D° Wr during ye night & till 8 in the MornS had very heavy rain, People all empd as Yesterday — 1 Man Lame

At 8 P.M. ye Wind shifted to W.S.W. had Fresh Gales & Cloudy Weather with rain all the Day. People all employed as before — 2 Convicts Sick & one Lame

Very heavy Gales of Wind & dark Cloudy Weather with almost Continual Heavy Rain 2 Convicts Lame & 3 Sick —

Very Strong Gales of Wind & dark Cloudy Wr with heavy rain People all employed as before. 1 Convict Lame —

[Page 57]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

Saturday
-th 9
-South -A very heavy Surf
-The immense quantity of Catterpillers that have settled on the Wheat is surprizing & hardly to be credited as they may be gathered off in handsfull. I am much afraid that the total destruction of the Wheat will follow, which will be an afflicting Circumce as I have only eight Bushell of seed reserved on the 9 I sent every person out to cut off the tops of 3 Acres which are the worst & hoping that their treading will kill some of them but I much the fear that the evil will not be removed. It is extraordy that nothing is hurt or touched in the Garden which lies between two patches of Wheat one of 3 Acres & ye other of 4 which is covered.

Sunday
-th 10
-SE
-D°
-

-
-Little wind & Variable
-Surf Increasg
Monday 11
Sent all the Women with Straw to beat the Ground where one acre of Wheat is quite eat close to the earth. An astonishing number were killed but in two hours after the Caterpillars were as numerous as ever, reced Fish enough to serve to ye People in lieu of 1 Ib of beef —

[Page 58]

Transactions, on Norfolk Island, state of Wr & c

The Gale is Still very violent, accompanied with heavy Squalls of Rain. Sent all the Convicts into the Vale to Cut off the tips of the Wheat. 2 Convicts Lame, punished Elizh Pipkin Convict with 3 dozen for infamous beh[aviour]

Strong Gales at times very Violent, at 11 AM Performed Divine Service.

Moderate Breezes & pleasant Weather a Frost in the Morning, at daylight Punished Wm Dring Convict with 3 dozen Lashes for absenting himself from the Settlement without Leave. Assembled Every person belonging to Settlement Marines & Free people under arms & Examined Witnesses on Oath against Thos Watson Convict & a Prisoner for stealing a Shirt from James Williams Private Marine. 4 Gangs Clearing away ground in Arthurs Vale, one Gang making & Drawing Shingles Sawyers at Taskwork sawing boards for ye Storehouse & Carpenters building it, four Men assisting D° in putting shoars under it &c, The blades of ye Wheat is entirely eat off by the blight or Caterpillars, which Cover the whole surface of ye ground.

[Page 59]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

May 1789 Tuesday
-th 12
-Varible in the NW
-good Landing
-I find this destructive Caterpillar is hatched from the Eggs of a Moth one species of which is about the size of a small Fly & the other is as large as a bee They Fly in a Cloud about sunsett & then deposit their Eggs which in the Morning covers the surface of the Ground on the [blank space]
The Catterpillars are beginning in the upper three Acres, the other four acres being quite destroyed — they are also got into the garden

WednesY
-th 13
-Varble S.W.
-D°
A great Surf:
-

Thursday
-th 14
-From South to S.W.
-D°
-

Friday
-15
-SE
-D°
-

Saturday
-th 16
-East
-Good Landing
-

Sunday
-th 17
-NE
-D°
-

[Page 60]

Transactions on Norfolk Island state of Wr Sec

Light winds & Variable with some heavy showers of Rain & dark Cloudy Weather. People all employed as before. 6 Men employed beating ye ground where the Wheat is eat away, with Turf beaters, to endeavor&kill ye Caterpillar. Reced Fish enough to serve half the people.

Moderate Gales & Cloudy Weather People all employed as before. Reced Fish enough to serve all hands In the Evening & night, had Strong Gales with some Rain.

Very Strong Gales of Wind & Cloudy Weather all ye Tasks finished except one which began in ye middle of ye Month The Squalls heavy & very violent during ye Night —

Moderate & Cloudy Weather. All ye Tasks finished Ground now Clear in All belonging to the Crown 13 Acres. 1 Man ss & 2 Lame.

D° Wr People all employed working on their Gardens &c Sent ye Coble out to Fish at noon she returned with sufficient to serve most part of the People.

D° Wr Performed Divine Service

[Page 61]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c
May 1789 Monday
-th 18
-NNE
-good Landing.
-I do not think that beating the Wheat in order to kill the Caterpillar has answered any good end as in an hours time, they are as thick as ever. One only thing remains which is collecting all the Urine & mixing it with ashes (some who pretend to be farmers advise boiling it) & then Sprinkle or wash the Wheat & Vegitables with it but this, will take a long time to collect sufficient Urine for one Acre of ground however I have ordered & shall see the order enforced, that every person urines in tubs which are placed for that purpose, in the Camp & where the people work. I have ordered two men to collect it & boil it otherwise preparing it for laying on the Ground.

Tuesday
-th 19
-North -D°
-

Wednesday
-th 20
-NNW
-D°
-

Thursday
-st 21
-D°
SW
-very good Landing a High Surf.
-

[Page 62]

Transactions, State of ye Wr &c

Light Winds & Cloudy Weather — 6 Men employed Cutting a Road from hence to Cascade Bay. 12 Men beating down ye upper 3 Acres of Wheat (that is not quite destroyed) with Turf beaters, in order to destroy the Catterpillar if possible. 4 Clearing away Ground for putting the Vines &c in, that are expected here Sawyers & Carpenters employed about ye Store house & Blacksmiths Cutting & Splitting Wood for Charcoal. 1 Man Sick & 2 Lame. 1 Gang Splitting & drawing Shingles for covering the Store house.

Fresh breezes & Cloudy People all employed as Yesterday 3 Men ss & one Lame. Reced fish enough to serve most of the people.

Very Strong Gales & heavy rain during the whole day which prevented Working. 3 Men Sick & one Lame.

In the MornS light breezes & pleasant Weather, sent ye Coble out to fish, at 10 Came on a very heavy Squall of Wind & Rain which brought the Wind Round to SW. when it blew a heavy Gale The Coble being to Leeward of the Island & not being able to pull up & the landing being dangerous, made ye Sigl for her to go to Ball Bay where she was hauled up. The People all employed as before except 6 Men Sent to Ball Bay to haul up ye Coble 3 Men ss & 1 Lame.

[Page 63]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

May 1789 Friday
-nd 22
-S.W.
-A great Surf
-The Urine & ashes have been tryed but without any Good effect whatever & the Caterpillears are times ten more numerous than ever, & grow very large some of them being an inch & half long. The Whole of the Corn is eat off Close to ye mold & I fear is quite destroyed —

Saturday
-rd
23
-D°
-D°
-

Sunday
-th 24
-SW
to South -D°
-

Monday
-th 25
-D°
-D°
-

Tuesday
-th 26
-Varble
WSW
SSW
-D°
-

[Page 64]

Transactions on Norfolk Island state of Wr &c

Very heavy Gales of Wind & Squalls of Rain The Road to the Landing place & the Cascade, at Cascade Bay is finished. This being a broken Week People empd Variously 3 ss & 1 Lame

The Gale very violent & Squalls of Wind with Rain — People employed Working for themselves — 1 Man ss & 3 Lame. The air is very raw & Cold -

D° Wr with very heavy Squalls in the night at 10 AM performed Divine Service — 1 ss & 3 Lame. Thos Jones who is become a Settler this day took possesion of a Lot of Ground near the Great Cascade —

The Gale is still very Violent. One Gang empd removing some of the Marines houses in order to create a Wooden one where they stood, the rest of the Convicts employed mending the road to the Plantation in Arthurs Vale. 1 ss & 3 Lame.

had some very heavy Squalls of Wind & rain 3 Gangs Empd at Task Work in clearing away Cutting down & getting the Timber off 3 Acres of the Hill. The Carpenters finished the Store house & the 4th Gang finished their Task they have a week to Spare. 3 Men Lame & 2 Sick. 1 Blind.

[Page 65]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c —

May 1789 Wednesday
-th 27
-Variable
SE
-Bad Landing
-As the Cockswain of the Coble has been obliged to under-goe a Surgical operation the boat cannot be launched from Ball-Bay before his recovery.
As I perceive little or no alteration in the Caterpillars only that they grow much larger, it is my intention not to sow the remaining 3 bushell of Wheat Seed, untill ye latter end of June; As it may be, that these distructive Vermin may be gone & if they they remain all the Year, It will be a terrible Misfortune & will I much fear totally put a Stop to the raising of Wheat or Barley. I shall sew one acre in the Vale with Barley & Wheat drilling it in next Week

Thursday
-th 28
-East.
-good Landing.
-

Friday
-th 29
-D°
-D°
-

Saturday
-th 30
-NE
-good Landing
-

Sunday
-st 31
-NE North SW
-No Surf-
-

[Page 66]

Transactions on Norfolk Island State of Wr &c

Strong Gales & heavy Squalls of Wind & Rain, People all employed as before. Carpenters Employed putting some additional Shores under the Store house — 3 Lame 2 Sick & one Blind —

Moderate Gales with a few Showers of Rain People all Employed as before 3 Men ss 2 Lame 1 Blind —

D° & pleasant Weather. Sowed My Town Garden which contains [blank space] Rods of Ground with 3 Pints of Wheat which I drilled in as recommended in Tulls* horse hoeing husbandry. I believe much less Seed would have ansd ye purpose — Shifted all the Provisions & most of the Stores into the Store house I find the Quantity of Flour now in Store will last eight Months, supposing all the Cask to be good, 3 Men Lame & 2 Sick -

Fresh Gales & dark Cloudy Weather people working in their Gardens &c. Sent Some Men round to Ball Bay to bring the Coble round, hauled D° up here 3 Lame & 1 Sick —

Very Strong Gales of Wind &; dark Cloudy Wr with heavy rain during the whole day, till 4 PM when the Wind Shifted to SW 2 Lame 1 sick -

[Page 67]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

June 1789 Monday
-st 1
-SW.
-Very good Landing
-

Tuesday
-nd
2
-WbS.
-A great Sea bad Landing.
-

Wednesday
-rd
3
-WSW
-D°
-

Thursday
-th 4
-SW
-D°
-

[Page 68]

Transactions, Norfolk Island state of Wr &c

Excessive heavy rain, during the night, at daylight Fresh breezes & Cloudy Wr 3 Gangs Cutting down Trees & Clearing 3 Acres of Ground on this Side the hill, The time of one Gang not Yet Expired. Sawyers Sawing Weather boarding &c Carpenters Time not Expired, Reced Fish enough by the Coble to compleat Last serving. 2 Lame one Sick

Strong Gales of Wind & Cloudy Wr with frequent Squalls of very heavy rain, People all Employed as Yesterday 2 Lame & one sick —

The Gale still continues with great Violence People all Employed As before, 2 Lame & 1 Sick. Killed a boar belonging to ye Crown & deducted ye Weight 40 'D from My Allce of Salt provisions.

Fresh Gales & Cloudy with some Squalls of Rain at Sunrise hoisted ye Colours in observance of His Majesties Birth day, at Noon Assembled The Marines & Militia under arms on the Parade. The Male Convicts drawn up on one Side & ye female on ye Other A Guard brought ye Colours out & planted them on one of the Guns, fired 3 rounds of ye Great Guns & Small Arms after which the whole gave 3 Cheers. When they were dismissed, gave the Marines double allowance of Rum, to each of the Male Convicts 1/2 a pint & to each Woman one Pint of Wine at Night Bonfires were lighted & ye front Windows

[Page 69]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing
& Surf
-Observations &c

June 1789-Continuation Thursday
-of th 4
-South West
-Very Bad
Landing.
-

Friday
-th 5
-South.
-Bad
LandS
-The Caterpillars are quite gone & ye four acres of Wheat are shortly out again — 3 Acres are quite destroyed —

Saturday
-th 6
-SSE
-good Landing
-

Sunday
-th 7
-East
-D°
-

Monday
-th 8
-D°
-No
Surf
-

[Page 70]

Transactions on Norfolk Island state of Wr &c

of my house was illuminated As this is the first Celebration of His Majesties Birth-day on this Island I forgave Thos Watson a Convict till now under confinement for theft which was proved on him & he was intended to be sent to Port Jackson to be tryed for it 2 Lame 1 Sick — NB 3 rounds of the Great Guns were fired on drinking His Majesties health after dinner; having invited all the Officers to dinner on the occassion

Fresh Gales & Cloudy Wr People all employed as before I went to Cascade bay where the Water is as smooth as possible & not a break of a Surf on the beach — 2 Lame 1 Sick — The Rod of Wheat sowed on the 29th May is up & has a very fine appearance —

Little Wind & pleasant Weather, people working at their Gardens &c

D° Wr at Daylight sent the Coble out at Noon she returned with only 7 Fish performed Divine Service —

Very pleasant Weather 9 Gangs Clearing Ground, one Felling Timber & 3 Men making Drills for Wheat The Coble out all day & caught Only 6 Fish — Carpenters & Sawyers about a house for Mr Marley & ye Carpenters 2 sick & 2 Lame Women gathering Roots

[Page 71]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c —

June 1789. Tuesday
-9
-NW
WNW
sw
-No Surf.
-

WednesdY
-th 10
-WNW SW
-D° A
Very Light Surf
-

Thursday
-th 11
-sw
to South -D°
-

Friday
-th 12
-South -D°
-

[Page 72]

Transactions on Norfolk Isld &c

Variable Wr with Some very Strong Squalls of Wind & Rain at daylight sent the Coble out to fish at 10 The Wr having a very threatning appearance fired a 3 pr for her to return reced only 7 Fish. Broke off one Gang in the Afternoon to enlarge the opening of ye reef 2 Sick & one Lame

In the Morning Little Wind & Cloudy Wr Launched the Coble, but expecting bad Wr hauled her up again, People all Employed as before. 2 sick & 3 Lame sowed 1 Peck & one Gill of Wheat in half an acre drilling it in — The Coble Men Barking fallen pines to prevent the Worm eating into them —

Very Strong Gales of Wind & Cloudy Wr with freqt heavy Squalls of Wind & Rain People all Employed as before 2 ss. 3 Lame. Sowed ye Remainder of Plot hill with Wheat drilling it in, The Side sown containing 60 Rods & whole Quantity of Grain put in is 30 pints — Sowed also — 18 pints of Marrow fat pease.

D° Wr with less frequent Squalls of Wind & Rain People all employed as before

[Page 73]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf

June 1789 Saturday
-th 13
-WSW
-A Very high Surf

Sunday
-th 14
-Little Winds
E.S.E.
-Bad
landing till High Water.

Monday
-th 15
-East
-A
Very high Surf.

Tuesday
-th 16
-E.S.E.
-D°
& Moderate

[Page 74]

Transactions on Norfolk Isle &c

Fresh Gales & Squally, at day light sat ye Supply in the Road. The Flood tide running Strong, a Great Swell & little Wind prevented her getting to Ball Bay untill 3 o'clock when I received my Despatches. 3 sick & 2 Lame, punished Mary Gamble with 3 dozen lashes for theft.

Moderate Gales & Cloudy Wr the Surf high untill high Water at 3 P.M. then landed from the Supply Lieut John Cresswell & 14 Private Marines with a part of their Baggage.

Fresh Gales & Cloudy. Supply in the Road no boat could Land. 3 Gangs Clearing away one Turning up Ground Sawyers sawing boards for finishing one house for ye Commands Officer of ye Troops.

Moderate Gales & dark Cloudy Wr The Surf has been dangerous till, 3 P.M. then moderate enough to receive in shoar 2 boat loads of Baggage, belonging to the Troops People all employed as before, 2 sick & 3 Lame -

[Page 75]

Week days
-Mo
days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

June 1789 Wednesday

th 17
-Variable
ENE
-Very good Landing
-

Thursday
-th 18
-East
-D°
-

Friday
-th 19
-D°
-A very great Surf.
-

Saturday
-th 20
-D°
-D°
-

Sunday
-st 21
-ENE
-Good Landing.
-

[Page 76]

Transactions on Norfolk Island, Wr &c..

Little Winds & very pleasant Wr in the Course of ye day received 5 Tunns of ye Supplys 2 Boats & ye Coble laden with provisions & Stores — People Empd getting Wood to ye Pitt for building a New boat the Carpenter of the Supply being landed for that purpose.

D° Wr Reced all but 16 Casks of Flour from ye Supply in the Course of the Day The Surf increasing very much in the Evening made ye Signal for ye Supply to hoist ye Coble in. Gangs as before.

Fresh Breezes & Cloudy Wr with a great Sea & Surf people all empd as YestY Sawyers sawing boards for building ye Boat.

D° Wr The Supply standing on & off People all Empd as before

Light winds & pleasant Wr at noon reced all our provisions & stores from the Supply

[Page 77]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

June 1789 Monday
-nd
22
-ENE
-Good Landing
-

Tuesday
-rd 23
-NE
-D°
-

WednesY
-th 24
-D°
-D°
-Drilled in 2 peck of Wheat in 1 Acre of Ground —

Thursday
-th 25
-D° WSW SW
-Bad
LandS
-Sowed an Acre of Wheat in Vale with 1 & 1/2 bushell of Seed

Friday
-26
-SW
-A
heavy Sea& Surf
-Sowed 2 Acres of Ground with Wheat Seed-

[Page 78]

Transactions on Norfolk Island

Moderate Breezes & very pleasant Wr People all empd as before one Gang sending off Plank & Water on board ye Supply. Sent a Crossjack Yard & Topsail &c on board the Supply

Very pleasant Wr People all employed as before & one Gang sending off Water &c on board ye Supply. & The Carpenter of ye Supply building a boat.

Fresh breezes & Cloudy Wr People all employed as before, Carpenter of ye Supply building a Boat sent off Water &c onboard ye Supply.

Strong Gales with some Squalls at 9 the Supply passed between Neps Island & Pl Hunter People all empd as before. Sowed 1V4 Acre of Wheat with I1/2 bushell of Wheat.

The Gale very heavy & the Squalls frequent sent round to ye Lee Side of ye Island but could not see the Supply. People all empd as before — Punished — Holmes Convict with 3 dozen lashes for absenting himself from his task.

[Page 79]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations

June 1789 Saturday
-th 27
-SW
South SE
-A very great Surf
-

Sunday
-th 28
-ENE
-Surf decreasing
-

Monday
-th 29
-Varble
-good Landing
-

Tuesday
-th 30
-NE
-D°
-

[Page 80]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Very Strong Gales of Wind with heavy Squalls of Wind & Rain — People working for themselves sent round to Cascade Bay but could not see the Supply.

The Gales more moderate, Saw nothing of the Supply suppose she is drove to Leeward of the Island, & cannot beat up at 11 A.M. performed divine Service The Carpenter of ye Supply &c employed about the Boat —

Light Winds & thick Cloudy Wr 3 Gangs Clearing away on Mount George, 8 Men making a fence hedge round the Garden in the Vale As ye last SE Wind, has much Injured the potatoes & other things Growing there — Carpenter of the Supply &c making a Boat 2 ss & 3 Lame Supply not in Sight.

Fresh Gales & Cloudy Wr People all employed as before, at daylight the Supply pulld out to ye Southward, & working up. at 4 P.M. sent ye Carpenter of ye Supply & my dispatches onboard by the Coble, & soon after sailed the Supply for Port Jackson. The new boat not quite finished but we can go on.

[Page 81]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

July 1789 Wednesday
-st 1
-North -Very good Landing
-

Thursday
-nd 2
-D°
SEbE
-D°
-

Friday
-rd 3
-South -Indifferent Landg
-

Saturday
-th 4
-D°
-D°
-

Sunday
-5
-SW
-very good Landing
-•

Monday
-6
-WSW
-D°
-at 2 P.M. punished Edward Gaff Convict with 100 lashes for stealing 3 Quarts of of Wheat out of ye bag of Wheat which he was carrying to Arthurs Vale to be sowed there.

[Page 82]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Weather &c

Fresh Gales & dark Cloudy Weather. Finished ye Coble employed paying her bottom the rest of ye People all employed as before.

Fresh Gales & D° Wr with Constant heavy rain during the day & night. The people all employed as before 2 Men ss & 1 Lame

Strong Gales, & dark Cloudy Wr People all employed as before & Coble-men building a dryer house for themselves. 9 Men making a Hedge round ye Garden in Arthurs Vale. 2 ss Squalls of rain during the night.

Fresh Gales & Cloudy Wr with heavy Rain. People working for themselves. 4 Men ss & lame —

Moderate breezes & Cloudy Weather at 10 A.M. performed divine Service.

D° & very pleasant Warm Weather 3 Gangs finishing their task clearing away ground on Mount George. One Gang making a high Fence to break off ye wind from ye Garden in Arthurs Vale. 4 Hands making a Sawpit & one Pitt at Work ye others time not being up.

[Page 83]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

July 1789 Tuesday
-th 7
-Varble
-Very good landing
-payed the Small Coble with Tar & Turpentine
Eleven Acres of Wheat is now up in Arthur Vale & has a very fine appearance NB 4 Acres is drilled in.

Wednesday
-th 8
-D° SW
-D°
-

Thursday
-th 9
-Variable
-D°
-The late Southerly winds has damaged ye potatoes greatly, which are growing at ye Plantation in Arthurs Vale. Every other Vegetable is very thriving.

Friday
-th 10
-D°
-D°
-

Saturday
-th 11
-East
-D°
-

[Page 84]

Transactions on Norfolk Island &c

Moderate Breezes & very pleasant Wr Three tasks finished clearing away on Mount George Employed them during the remainder of this Week in Working at Clearing Ground for the Mid. & Surgeon &c. One Gang making a hedge round ye Garden in Arthurs Vale, & Sawyers &c as before — 2 Carpenters Sick

D° Wr with a heavy Shower of Rain in ye Eveng The Coble out all day & caught only eight Fish, issued them to compleat in part ye serving of July 3rd 2ss - People as before

D° Wr People all employed as before the Coble out all day & Caught only 15 Fish, issued them to Compleat in part the serving of June 3rd* 4 sick & lame
*Probably July 3rd. See entry for July 8th above.

D° & Cloudy thick Weather People all empd as before The Coble out all day & only caught 15 Fish issued them out to a part of ye people in Lieu of 1 Ib of Salt Beef - 2 ss & 2 Lame -

Fresh Gales & dark Wr with heavy rain all day. 2 sick, Carpenter & 3 Men lame

[Page 85]

Week Days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

July 1789 Sunday
-th 12
-Varble
-Very good Landing
-

Monday
-th 13
-D°
-D°
-

Tuesday
-th 14
-South -D°
An increasing Surf-
-

Wednesday
-th 15
-Variable
-Good Landing
-Hauled the Small boat out of ye Boat house to repair her being very leaky

Thursday
-th 16
-East
-Bad Landing.
-

[Page 86]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Little Wind & very dark Cloudy Wr with heavy rain in ye Afternoon. at 10 A.M. performed divine Service. 2 ss & 3 lame.

Light winds with Squalls of very heavy rain & Thunder & Lightning in ye Squalls. 18 Men Employed getting timber off ye Cleared Ground on Mount George. 8, Making & finished a hedge round ye Garden in Arthurs Vale brought the Commanding officer of the troops house up, & placed it on ye left of my house. Carpenters Employed about it. & Sawyers Sawing boards &c. Blacksmith making Keel bands &c for ye large boat. 2 sick & 2 Lame.

Fresh Gales with passing Squalls of rain. 12 Men Making a Fence at ye foot of Mt George, & 5 in ye Valley The rest as before. 1 Gangs time not expired. 2ss & 3 Lame.

D° Wr People all employed as before 2 ss & 3 lame.

Moderate breezes & Cloudy Wr 5 Gangs of 6 Men each began their task Work of Clearing away 5 Acres of ground in Arthurs Vale 1 Gang Cutting & drawing Shingles, the Rest of ye People employed as before 2 ss & 2 Lame

[Page 87]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

July 1789 Friday
-th 17
-East
-Indifft Landing.
-

Saturday
-th 18
-D°
-good Landing.
-

Sunday
-th 19
-D°
-D°
-

Monday
-th 20
-D°
-D°
-

Tuesday
-st 21
-D°
-D°
-During the last five days The Weather has been very pleasant & as warm as in the some of the hot Summer days.

Wednesday
-nd
22
-SoY
-D°
-

[Page 88]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Strong breezes & pleasant Wr broke off one Gang to burn the piles of Rubbish on Mt George but found it would not take fire the Rest of ye people Employed as before, payed the insides of the large & small boats with Tar & Tallow &c — 2 ss & 2 Lame.

D° Wr The people employed working for themselves —

D° Wr at 10 AM performed divine service.

D° Wr 5 Gangs Clearing away Ground in Arthurs Vale; 1 Gang making & drawing Shingles Carpenters building a house for Lieutt Cresswell & 3 Sawpits Sawing boards &c for various purposes. Sent the Coble out & reced only 18 Fish served a part of them in lieu of 1 *° of Beef.

Light Winds & very pleasant Wr people all empd as before The Coble out all day & caught only 4 fish.

[Page 89]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-LandS & Surf
-Observations &c

July 1789 Thursday
-rd 23
-WS.W.
-Bad Landing
-Eleven Acres of Wheat in Arthurs Vale, & one Acre of Barley on ye N° side of Mount George has a very promising appearance

Friday
-th 24
-D°
SW ESE
-D°
-The Weather is now very raw & Cold

Saturday
-th 25
-East
-D°
-

Sunday
-th 26
-Varble
-D°
-

Monday
-th 27
-D°
-A
Bad Surf-
-

Tuesday
-th 28
-NE
-A
great Sea but little Surf.
-I am very unfortunate in ye loss of this Man As he was one, amongst ye very few good men that are here

[Page 90]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Fresh Gales with some Squalls, broke off four Gangs to burn up the Piles of Wood in Mt George ready for sowing Wheat on it. 3 Lame 2 ss. Carpenter Fitting Stern Sheats & bottom boards to large boat.

D° Wr The People all Employed as before broke them off In ye Afternoon to get a piece of Pine on the Pitt 3 ss & 2 Lame —

D° Wr with some Squalls, people working for themselves 3 Lame 2 sick —

Moderate Breezes with dark Cloudy Wr at 10 AM Performed divine Service.

D° threatning rain; five Gangs of 6 Men each clearing away four Acres of Ground in Arthurs Vale, One Gang Splitting & drawing Shingles Sawyers Sawing & Carpenters about Lieut1 Cresswells house 2 lame & one Sick —

Strong Gales & dark Gloomy Weather with Rain People all employed as before, at 10 AM a large tree fell on John Bryant Convict working in Arthurs Vale & bruised his head so much that he died in two hours, at 4 PM interred ye DD. & read ye Funeral service over him 1 Lame & 2ss.

[Page 91]

Week days
-Mo Days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf.
-Observations &c
July 1789 Wednesday
-th 29
-North NW
West.
-good Landing.
-

Thursday
-th 30
-WSW SW
-A very great Surf.
-

Friday
-st
31
-D°
-A very heavy Surf.
-

[Page 92]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

During the Night Fresh Gales & very heavy rain. In the Day Fresh Gales & fine Wr Broke off All the Gangs & sowed the remainder of ye Wheat seed viz. 3 Bushells & half on three Acres of Ground, on the Side of Mount George. Got timber to ye Pitts — 1 Lame & 2 ss —

Fresh Gales with Squalls of Rain & Wind in the Evening very Strong Gales, People all employed at their Task Work The Carpenters empd fitting ye lining to the large boat & cutting oars &c — 1 Sick — sent ye Small Coble to fish inside ye Reef She could not catch or see one fish.

Strong Gales & Squalley with some showers of rain People employed bringing in Spars for oars people making them in the Afternoon Employed 2 Gangs Getting timber to ye pitts. Cropped 1 Acre & half of Wheat on Plot hill it growing very rank — 1 Lame & 2 sick —

[Page 93]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

August 1789 Saturday
-st 1
-WSW
-Surf decreasing
-Killed a Boar belonging to Government weight 40 lbs for which 40 lbs of Salt Meat is deducted from my familys Allowance —

Sunday
-nd
2
-West
North -D°
-

Monday
-rd
3
-DO
SW
-Bad Landing.
-

Tuesday
-th 4
-SSW
-A very Great Surf
-

Wednesday
-th 5
-ESE
-D°
-

Thursday
-th 6
-NE
-D°
-

Friday
-th 7
-ENE
-D°
-

[Page 94]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Moderate Breezes & very pleasant Wr People working for themselves 1 Lame. —

D° Wr till Evening, then hard rain at 10 A.M. Performed divine Service.

Strong Gales with very heavy rain during the night People all Empd till 8 AM getting Timber on ye Pitt for building a Bam in Arthurs Vale. Afterwards Employed at Task Work & one Gang making Singles — Sawyers at Task Work & Carpenters about Lieut1 Cresswells house.

D° Wr The people all employed as before The air very Sharp & cold —

Fresh Gales & a raw cold air. The people all employed as before -

Strong Gales & Dark Cloudy Wr People all employed as before. One Gang finished their Task —

Very heavy Gales of Wind with constant heavy rain. The Gusts at times very violent No work done on Account of the very bad Wr — One Marine Sick —

[Page 95]

Week Days
-Mo Days
-Winds
-LandS & Surf
-Observations &c

August 1789 Saturday
-th 8
-WNW
-Good Landing a Great Swell
-

Sunday
-th 9
-W.SW.
-D°
-

Monday
-th 10
-SW
-D° A Very heavy Surf
-

Tuesday
-th 11
-D°
-D°
-

Wednesday
-th 12
-D°
-D°
-

[Page 96]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Strong Gales & heavy rain till 8 AM then Fresh Gales & Squally — People working for themselves — 1 Marine sick —

D° Wr with Excessive heavy Gusts of Wind & Squalls of Rain 2 Sick —

D° Wr with very heavy Gusts of Wind & Squalls of Rain. 3 Sick — four Gangs of 6 Men each clearing away Four Acres of Ground in Arthurs Vale Sawyers Sawing for Commandants house & the Bam Carpenters about Lieut11 Cresswells house One Gang Sawing Splitting & Drawing Shingles Got a piece of Timber on the Pit.

The Gusts of Wind very violent & Squalls very frequent. People all employed as before 2 Sick

Fresh Gales with a few heavy Squalls of Rain &c Wind at Daylight hoisted ye Colours in observance of His Royal Highness ye Prince of Wales's birth day. At Noon fired 3 Rounds of Artillery The Troops drawn up on the Parade fired 3 Rounds of Musquets after which the Whole gave three Cheers. Excused ye convicts from work.

[Page 97]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

August 1789 Thursday
-th 13
-WSW.
-Bad
Landing
-

Friday
-th 14
-NW
-D°
-

Saturday
-th 15
-Varble
-D°
-

Sunday
-th 16
-D°
-Very good landing.
-

Monday
-th 17
-NE
-D°
-Put the forge up to do some necessary Jobs & employed Jas Williamson Private Marine to Work at it —

[Page 98]

Transactions &c on Norfolk Island

Moderate Breezes & pleasant People all Employed as before. Carpenters repairing one of ye Sawpits. 1 Man ss.

Fresh Gales & Cloudy. People Employd as before. & 4 Men Cutting ye Wheat down which is growing quite Rank.

Fresh Gales with a few Squalls of Wind & Rain - The People all employed working for themselves. The Carpenters finished Lieut1 Cress-wells house.

Moderate Breezes & very pleasant Weather, at Day light sent the Coble out to fish at 3 P.M. She returned with only four Performed Divine Service.

Fresh Gales & very pleasant Wr People all employed as before Carpenters began building an addition to my house. As I am apprehensive of its oversetting in the Violent S.W. Winds. In ye Morning Got Timber to the Pits.

[Page 99]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

August 1789 Tuesday
-th 18
-NW
-good Landing.
-

Wednesday
-th 19
-S.W.
-Indifft Landing.
-

Thursday
-th 20
-D°
-D°
-

Friday
-st 21
-D°
-D°
-

Saturday
-nd 22
-D°
NW
-good Landing
-

[Page 100]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Strong Gales of Wind with incessant heavy Rain from Midnight till Noon P.M. People all employed as before.

Fresh Gales & Clear Wr The four Tasks finishing thier works. Their time does not Expire untill ye 26th of this month Carpenters Sawyers &c employed as before.

D° Wr The Sawyers tasks finished this day their time does not Expire untill ye 24th of this Month. Carpenters as before.

D° Wr Carpenters Employed as before & 1 Gang bringing Stones & building a Chimney behind ye addition building to my house Cropped ye Acre of Barley on ye NE side of Mount George —

Fresh Gales & Cloudy Wr with Rain in the Evening. People Working for themselves —

[Page 101]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c.

August 1789 Sunday
-rd 23
-NW WSW
-A Great Sea& Good Landing
-The Indian Corn which has been sowed in difft places in the Valley & other places, has been dug up & eaten by the Rats. I therefore have put 5 Grains in a hole & sowed that in the Ridges very thick -The Wheat growing on the South Side of Mt George is quite Blighted & Black with the SouthY Wind. I think it will be no otherwise injured than kept back — This Gale has been the longest we have had here in this Quarter it has blown with very great force.

Monday
-th 24
-SW
-A heavy Surf-
-

Tuesday
-th 25
-SSW.
-D°
-

Wednesday
-th 26
-D°
-D°
-

Thursday
-th 27
-South -D°
-

Friday
-th 28
-D°
SW
-Landing possible.
-

Saturday
-th 29
-ENE
-good Landing.

punished Ann Coombs Female Convict with 50 lashes for defrauding Thos Jones of a Quantity of Provisions — |

[Page 102]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Very Strong Gales of Wind & dark Gloomy Wr with constant heavy Rain till 6 PM. then the Wind came to ye South.

D° Wr with very heavy Gusts of Wind & Squalls of Rain Employed all the people making holes & planting Indian Corn in the four Acres cleard last in Arthurs Vale — One Gang bringing in Stones & building a Chimney to my house. 3 Men making & drawing Shingles — 2 Sick —

D° Wr The Gale very violent the People except one Gang working for themselves as their time does not Expire till Thursday night The rest Empd as before.

D° Wr & ye Gale still very violent People all as Yesterday — 1 Man ss & 2 Lame.

The Gale a little Moderated but still very Strong Gales with some very heavy Squalls of Wind & Rain The People as before.

Fresh Gales & Squally. Employed all ye People Cutting a Water Way Making drains, Sluices &c & sowing 3 Peck of Rice. 1 ss & 2 Lame.

More Moderate & pleasant Weather People working for themselves. 1 ss & 2 Lame -

[Page 103]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

August 1789 Sunday
-th 30
-West
NW
-good Landing a Great Swell
-Messrs Cresswell & Jamieson went to Anson bay by land, they found it very difficult getting down into it. Landing was Very good there. No water within 1/2 a mile.

Monday
-st 31
-North -Very
good Landing.
-

Septr Tuesday
-st 1
-NorthY
-D°
-The Grubs are beginning to be very troublesome destroying all the onions. In The Surgeons Garden every Thing is quite destroyed. & Most of the people have had all their Indian Corn torn up by the Rats & what they have spared the Grubs have destroyed.

Wednesday
-nd 2
-D° SW
-D°
-

[Page 104]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Moderate Breezes & Very pleasant Wr at 10 AM performed Divine Service, at 1 P.M. punished Ann Coombs Female Convict with 100 Lashes for Stealing two Cheque Shirts from Francis Mee Private Marine, which she hid & refused to produce them —

D° Wr Four Gangs of 6 Men each Clearing away 4 Acres of Ground in Arthurs Vale. 1 Gang making Shingles Coblemen & 3 others employed occasionally. Sawyers sawing boards for building a Barn. 1 Carpr Empd about My house.

D° Wr People all employed as before. The Coble out all day & served only 28 people at 3 1° of Fish in lieu of 1 '" of beef each man. Carpenter & another man sick.

D° Wr with heavy Squalls of Wind afternoon Sent ye Coble out but she could not pull up again & was obliged to Land in Ball Bay. People all Employed as before Carpenter & 2 Men Lame — 4 Men Employed making a railing round an Acre of Barley to keep the Stock out As ye Hedges are not sufficiently Strong.

[Page 105]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c.

September Thursday
-1789
rd 3
-East
-Bad Landing.
-The Morning & Evening are very Sharp &Cold The Grubs are beginning to destroy ye 4 Acres of Indian Corn planted Aug 24th.

Friday
-th 4
-D°
-D°
-

Saturday
-th 5
-ENE
-D°
-This Evening — Some Notorious Villians Stole almost Every Article of Vegetables out of Corporal Govens Garden which he had with great industry & perseverance Cleared & Cultivated, The Theft Must have been committed between dark & eight o'clock As all ye Convicts are mustered in their houses after the Watch is sett.

Sunday
-th 6
-NE
-D°
-

Monday
-th 7
-North -No Surf.
-

Tuesday
-th 8
-NW.
-D°
-

[Page 106]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Heavy Gales of Wind with some Rain & ye Wr very Sharp The people all employed as before. Carpenter & 2 others lame 1 Sick —

Fresh Gales & pleasant Wr The people all Employed as before Sick & lame as before

Moderate Breezes & pleasant Wr The people working for themselves. 2 Lame & one Sick.

D° Wr at 10 A.M. performed divine Service.

Fresh Gales & dark Cloudy Wr in ye Evening heavy Rain. 4 Gangs of 6 Men each Clearing away four Acres of Ground of in Arthurs Vale. Carpenters about ye inside of My house. Sawyers Sawing boards. 5 Men making a paled hedge, round ye lower acre of Wheat. & one making Oars &c. Punished Catherine Johnson Female Convict with 50 lashes

D° Wr with heavy rain all night & ye fore part of ye day. AM Employed ye People fitting Timber to ye Pitts. PM All empd at Task Work & as before

[Page 107]

Week days
-Mo
days
-Winds
-Landg & Surf
Observations &c —

Septr 1789 Wednesday
Wednesday
th 9
 WSW
-good Landing

-The Rats have destroyed a great quantity of the Indian Corn growing on the four acres sowed Augt 24th Many Gardens are quite destroyed by the Grubs which are destroying every thing before them. I think they breed from eggs deposited by some kind of Fly, on ye leaves of the plants where they remain untill they have got strength by destroying the leaf; & then fall on the Ground & destroy the Root or Stalks as they increase in size —

Thursday
-th
10
-South -Indifferent Landing
-

Friday
-th
11
-S.S.E.
-D°
-

Saturday
-th 12
-North -good Landing

Sunday
-th 13
-West
D°

Monday
-th 14
-SW.
-D°

[Page 108]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c
Fresh Gales & Cloudy at Midnight had a Very heavy Squall of wind with a torrent of rain, the people all employed as before.

Strong Gales till P.M. then Moderate. People all employed as before 1 Man making Oars for ye large Boat 4 Making Shingles — 2 ss —

Moderate Breezes & pleasant Wr People all Employed as before. Some people sowing ye 4 Acres of Indian Corn where the Rats have eaten it
up. 2 Men ss & 1 Lame

D° Wr The People all working for themselves. 1 Carpenter ss —

Moderate breezes with Rain untill 10 AM, then Performed Divine
Service. 1 Carpr sick & 2 Men lame —

Very heavy Rain all night untill 8 A.M. then pleasant Wr 4 Gangs of Six men each clearing away 4 Acres of Ground in the Vale. One Gang making Shingles, Coble men about ye Boats. Sawyers Sawing Stuff for building a Barn Carpenters lining my house & built a Centinal Box. One Female Child born. 1 Carpenter sick.

[Page 109]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landg & Surf
Observations &c

Septr 1789. Tuesday
-th 15
-West.
-Indifft Landing.
-Quantity of Seed Sowed & up —

Wednesday
-th 16
-SE
-good Landing
-15 Acres of Wheat 1 D° of Barley. Seven of Indian Corn

Thursday
th 17
NE
D°
The Grub worn is very troublesome destroying every Vegetable & plant of Indian Corn as fast as it comes out of the Ground. —

Friday
-th 18
-Little Wind.
-D°

Saturday
-th 19
-WSW
-An increasing Surf:

Sunday
-th 20
-NW
-A bad Surf

Monday
21
sw

[Page 110]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Moderate Breezes & very pleasant Weather. People all Employed as Yesterday 1 Carpenter Sick —

D° Wr The people all employed as Yesterday Sowed part of an Acre with Indian Corn. Sent round to Ball Bay & brot ye Coble from thence.

The people all employed as before 1 Carpenter Sick
D° Wr The People all employed as before sowed one Acre of Ground with Indian Corn. 1 Carpenter Sick —

D° Wr The People all working for themselves 1 Carpenter Sick & 2 Lame —

Squally Wr with Some very heavy Squalls of Rain at 10 A.M. Performed
divine Service & Christned ye New born Child —

[Written across bottom of double page]

Fresh Gales & Squalley, 3 Gangs Compleated clearing away 3 Acres of Ground in Arthurs Vale. Their time does not expire untill ye 29th One of ye above Gangs cutting down one Acre of Trees to let the Sun in on ye Indian Corn The 4th Gang still at Work, their task being increased to 1 3/4 Acre, The other two Gangs making holes for ye Indian Corn & Sowed the whole 3 Acres. One Gang making Shingles Carpenters lining my house & two Sawpits at Work. Sowed 8 Roods of Potatoes.

[Page 111]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
Observations &c

Septr 1789 Tuesday
nd 22
-East
A great Surf
At Sunrise hoisted ye Colours in observance of His Majesties Coronation

Wednesday
-rd 23
-NE East
-D°
-The Ground Grub is destroying Every plant & vegetable very fast. & has began Upon the four acres of Indian Corn, a quantity of it is eaten as is also some of ye Barley by Caterpillars. The women will all be constantly Employed in picking ye Grubs which I fear will not check their progress.

Thursday
-th 24
-D°
-D°

Friday
-th 25
-D°
-good landing
-~

Saturday
-th 26
-D°
-D°
--

Sunday
th 27
-D°
 D°

Monday
-28
-NE
NNE
-D°

[Page 112]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Fresh Gales & dark Gloomy Weather. People all as before. The Coble men Employed taking down the old Boat Shed & Erecting a New one, making Skids &c. —

D° Wr with very heavy rain all day ye Gangs whose task is not yet
finished could not work Carpenters as before.

Moderate Gales & Cloudy Wr The Gangs all Finished their tasks.

D° Wr 2 Sawpits finished their task time Expires on Monday next. 1 Sawpit & Carpenters as before. Coble men finished the Boathouse.

D° Wr People working for themselves. Four four Casks of flour damaged & short of Weight 104 Lbs -

D° Wr at 10 A.M. performed Divine Service.

Fresh Breezes & Cloudy Wr The four gangs times not Expired Carpenters finishing my house Sawyers Sawing for the Granary or Barn at 8 AM Sent the Large Boat out to fish at 4 P.M. she returned with only 6. dug up 3 Rod of Ground planted June 1st with 240 Setts of Potatoes which Yielded 5 Bushells of very fine Potatoes

[Page 113]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c —

Septr 1789 Tuesday

th 29
- North -30
good Landing.

Wednesday
-th 30
-N.N.W.
-A Very great Surf-
October — Thursday
-st 1
-ESE
-D°

Friday
-nd
2
-D°
-good Landing a great swell without —

Saturday
-rd
3
-D°
-D°

Sunday
-th 4
-NE
-good Landing

Monday
-th 5
-North -A great Swell.

[Page 114]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Strong Gales & Dark Cloudy Weather. Two Gangs times up employed them Cutting a drain for carrying ye Water off ye lower part of ye Wheat in ye Vale. Coblemen making Skids for hauling the Boats up upon The Rest of the People as before.

Moderate Breezes & Cloudy Weather. The two Gangs whose time is up Employed Hedging, making Shingles &cc. the Rest of the People as before — 1 Man ss —

Strong Gales & dark Cloudy Weather. People all employed as before 1 Man ss —

Fresh Gales & Cloudy Weather Some hands employed making a Fence overflowing the Rice &c. The rest as before. 1 Man ss —

Moderate Gales & a great Swell without people Employed Working at their Gardens &c.

Moderate Breezes & pleasant Warm Weather at 10 A.M. Performed Divine Service

Strong Gales of Wind & dark Cloudy Wr 3 Gangs Empd clearing away ground in ye Vale for sowing Indian Corn & Potatoes on 1 Gang bringing in Logs for buildS a house for ye Carpenter. 2 Men Making Shingles. Carpenter & 2 Men to assist them framing a Barn. Sawyers as before.

[Page 115]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations See-

October 1789 Tuesday
-th 6
-SSW SSE SE
-good Landing
-The Grub Worm is still numerous, Notwithstanding the Women are employed dayley in picking them out of the Ground & off ye plants, Yet no decrease of their numbers can be perceived. They have destroyed One Acre of Indian Corn entirely & are going on very fast in destroying the rest. Every Cabbage & other plant is eat off as fast as it appears out of the Ground, which has quite prevented any - Cabbages being planted out for these six weeks past, where the Evil will end I know not. As the rearing of the Stock must in a great measure depend on ye Growth of ye Indian Corn.

Wednesday
-th 7
-East
-A
great Swell
-

Thursday
-th 8
-ESE
-D°
-

Friday
-th 9
-D°
-A
very heavy Surf-
-

Saturday
-th 10
-D°
-D°
-

[Page 116]

Transactions on Norfolk Isld Wr &c

Fresh Gales & Cloudy Wr — The people all employed as Yesterday — Too much Swell without to Send ye Boat out —

D° Wr People all employed as before. 2 Men Squaring Loggs for building the Carpenter a house —

D° Wr People all employed as before 4 Men Sawing lengths for Shingles There has been a great Swell these some Days past.

Moderate Gales & Warm Weather people all employed as before The four Men who were sawing lengths for Shingles Yesterday Employed hoing up ye Indian Corn in Arthurs Vale Punished Noah Mortimer, Thos Watson & Jn° Holmes Convicts with 2 Dozen lashes each for loitering & Idling their time at Work —

D° Wr The people all employed Working at their Gardens &c —

[Page 117]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

October 1789 Sunday
-th 11
-SE
-A very
heavy Surf
-

Monday
-th 12
-D°
SW
-Surf decreasing
-

Tuesday
-th 13
-D°
ESE
-A great Surf
-

Wednesday
-th 14
-South -D°
-

[Page 118]

Transactions Wr &c

Moderate Gales at 10 AM. performed Divine Service —

D° Wr Most Part of the People employed Working for themselves this being a broken week & some time due to many of them Sowed 1 Acre of Indian Corn Carpenters, & Sawyers about ye Framing of the Bam &c —

Some Very Strong Squalls of Wind & in the night a Shower of Rain, Most of the people taking ye time that they have saved of their respective Tasks — Carpenters & Sawyers as before — Sowed a quarter of an acre of Potatoes in Arthurs Vale.

Fresh Gales & Cloudy cold Weather. Six Men at Work carrying out the Frame of ye Barn where it is to be be placed in Arthurs Vale. The rest as before.

[Page 119]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing ScSurf
-Observations &c.

October 1789 Thursday
-th 15
-ESE
-A great Surf.
-

Friday
-th 16
-SE
-D°
-

Saturday
-th 17
-D°
-D°
-

Sunday
-th 18
-ESE
-good Landing
-

Monday
-th 19
-NW.
-D°
-Coble out all day & caught only 6 Fish

Tuesday
-th 20
-Varble
-D°
-

Wednesday
-st
21
-D°
-D°
-

[Page 120]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Fresh Gales & Cloudy. The people who are at Work, Carrying out the Frame &c of the Barn —

D° Wr People all Employed as before

Moderate Breezes & very pleasant Weather. The people all working for themselves.

D° & Cloudy at 10 A.M. performed divine Service.

Moderate Gales & pleasant Weather. Sent 6 Men to Cut a Road from hence to Anson Bay. 6 Men Assisting the Carpenters in putting up the the Frame of the Barn, 8 Men clearing away a piece of Ground Sawyers sawing Stuff —

Fresh Gales & Cloudy people all employed as before —

Moderate Gales & Cloudy Wr Finished Cutting the Road to Anson Bay. 14 Men Cutting the Wood Clear of ye Water Way

[Page 121]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing
& Surf
-Observations &c

October 1789 Thursday
-nd 22
-Variable
-good Landing
-

Friday
-rd 23
-NW
-D°
-

Saturday
-th 24
-ENE
-D°
-

Sunday
-th 25
-NE
-A heavy Surf
-

Monday
-th 26
-Varble
-D°
-

[Page 122]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Moderate Gales & Cloudy Wr People all Employed as before & ye People who were Cutting ye Road to Anson Bay, Employed Repairing the Road to Ball Bay. 2 Men Empd about hoing up Indian Corn &c —

Fresh Gales & Cloudy People all employed as before I went along shore this Morning & found a part of ye Bones belonging to one of ye People who were drowned here in August 1788 — Brot them to Sydney Bay & interred them —

Moderate Breezes & very hot Sultry Weather ye People Employed Working for themselves

D° Wr at 10 A.M. performed Divine Service

D° Wr & very Sultry. 2 Gangs of 6 Men each Clearing away an acre of Ground in Arthurs Vale One Gang building a Shed over one of ye Saw pits, One Gang digging a Sawpit to saw up some fallen pines which cannot be removed. Coble men building a Hut for ye Man who is to take Care of the Boat. Carpenters, Sawyers & Shingle makers about the Barn.

[Page 123]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf.
-Observations &c

October 1789 Tuesday
-th 27
-East
-A
Great Surf-
-This is the first rain which has fallen since ye 23rd of Septr which was much Wanted. The Wheat is all in ear & has a very good appearance. The Grubs have almost totally disappeard But we are now plagued with ye Perroquets which destroy a Quantity of ye Seeds, I much fear that if they find out the Wheat a great quantity will be destroyed by them

Wednesday
-th 28
-D°
-A very heavy Surf.
-

Thursday
-th 29
-ENE
-D°
-

Friday
-th 30
-North -Surf decreasing —
-

Saturday
-st 31
-NNW
-Very good Landing
-

November Sunday
-st 1
-NE
-D°
-

Monday
-nd 2
-ENE
-A
Very heavy Surf
-

Tuesday
-rd 3
-East
-D°
-

[Page 124]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Strong Gales & Cloudy with some very heavy rain in the Morning, people all Employed as Yesterday

D° Wr People all employed as before. Punished Joseph Long with 100 Lashes for lending out Shoes which he had to mend —

D° Wr People all employed as before Eight men assisting ye Carpenter in fitting a Sawpit

Fresh Gales & Squally The people all employed as before. 2 Men Lame.

Moderate Breezes & very pleasant Weather People all employed working for themselves. I went out in ye Boat & fished but could not catch one. could not catch one.

D° Wr at 10 AM performed Divine Service.

Fresh Gales & dark Cloudy Wr 2 Gangs Clearing away and turning up an acre of Ground for Sowing Potatoes. One Gang making Shingles, one Gang hoing up Indian Corn & ye rest employed ocassV

D° Wr People all employed as before at 8 in ye Morning launched the large Boat & moored her within the Reef in the Middle Bay in order to soak her Carpenter Shingling the Sawyers house.

[Page 125]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

November Wednesday
-1789 th 4
-NE
-A great Surf.
-The Catterpillars are again returned & are destroying the leaves &c of all the plants.

Thursday
-th 5
-D°
-Bad Landing.
-

Friday
-th 6
-ENE
-D°
-

Saturday
-th 7
-D°
-Tolerable Landing.
-

Sunday
-th 8
-NE
-Good Landing.
-

Monday
-th 9
-NNE
-D°
-Most of the Plants & other Vegetables are stripped of their leaves & Stalks by the Catterpillar.

Tuesday
-th 10
-ENE
-D°
-

[Page 126]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Strong Breezes & Cloudy Wr The people all employed as before. The Boat drove on shore brought her round & hauled her up here.

Moderate Breezes & Cloudy Wr Sowed 3/4 of an Acre of Potatoes. Most of ye People taking their time of what they have saved from their Respective tasks

Fresh Gales & Cloudy People all as before

Modt Gales & Cloudy. People Employed Working on their Gardens &c-

D° & Very Pleasant Weather. Performed Divine Service Sent ye Coble out she returned with 15 fish issued them.

D° Wr 2 Gangs of 6 Men each, clearing away an acre of ground to sow Potatoes on. One Gang Clearing away a piece of Ground for lieutt Cresswell. One Gang hoing up Indian Corn. & the rest Employed occassionally the Sawpit at Work The others & Carpenters taking their time that they have saved from their task Work. Master Carpenter Shingling the Surgeons House — The Barn finished.

Fresh Breezes & Cloudy People all employed as before, four Men Sawing Lengths for Shingling. The Coble went out & brought in fish enough to serve a part of the People.

[Page 127]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf.
-Observations &c

November Wednesday
-1789
th 11
-NE South in ENE
-the Squall Good Landing
-The very heavy rain & Wind has lain the Wheat all down

Thursday
-th 12
-D°
-D°
-

Friday
-13
-NW WSW.
-D°
-

Saturday
-th 14
-SSE
-D°
-

Sunday
-th 15
-East
-D°
-Robert Webb Seaman belonging to the Sirius this day went to the Cascade Bay to settle there Sent The Coble Men to Carry His things round there by hand -

Monday
-16
-ENE
-D°
-

Began Cutting the Barley —
-
-

[Page 128]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

At day Light Moderate Breezes & Clear Weather Sent the Coble out to fish at 1/2 past Eight Came on very Suddenly a heavy Gale of Wind & hard Rain which lasted untill 3 in the Afternoon when it Cleared up. The Boat Returned on perceiving the Change of Weather. People all Employed as before —

Moderate Breezes & Cloudy Wr People all Employed as before; Coble men Building a hutt.

D° & very pleasant Weather. The People all employed as before Sent the Coble out to fish she returned in ye Evening not having caught any. Lieut Cresswell turned a turtle in Cresswell Bay.

D° Wr The people employed working for themselves. Sent the Boat out to fish At 2 P.M. she returned with 36. Issued them in the lieu of 1 Ib of Salt Pork, each Man.

Very Pleasant Wr at 10 AM Performed Divine Service.

D° Wr 1 Gang Clearing away Garden Ground for Lieutt Cresswell, 2 Gangs Clearing away & Turning up One Acre of Ground for Potatoes. One Gang fetching Thatch. Carpenters taking their time Except 1 shingling ye Surgeons House. Sawyers sawing lining boards &c.

[Page 129]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &x

Tuesday
-th 17.
-ENE
-good Landing
-The Weather during this last month has been very Sultry & hot & the Wind has been Constantly from the Eastward which I think is the trade wind that reaches thus far. The potatoes which are growing at the Farm & were sowed September 7th & during that Month; are all running to Stalk there is not a single potatoe at their Roots, the Tubers run very strong & shoot up out of the Ground, notwithstanding they have been very well earthed. I much fear that from the intense heat of the Weather, They will run to haulm & not firm into Potatoes — The Perroquets which are in very large Flocks are destroy? the Wheat having made great havock in one acre — viz Plot hill

Wednesday
-th 18
-East.
-D°
-

Thursday
-th 19
-D°
-D°
-

Friday
-th 20
-WSW
-D°
-

Saturday
-st
21
-Varble
-D°
-

Sunday
-22
-SW ESE
-D°
-

Monday
-rd
23
-ENE
-
-

[Page 130]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c —

Moderate Breezes & excessive Hot Sultry Wr People all Employed as YestY 4 Men hoing up Indian Corn

D° Wr People all employed as before Shingles being finished Carpenter, Making Oars for the Boat. 6 people employed Carrying the Barley to the farm. Women employed leasing the Barley.

D° Wr People all employed as before —

D° Wr People all employed as before.

D° Wr The people Employed at their own Gardens building houses &c.

D° Wr at 1 1 A.M. performed divine Service.

D° Wr & very hot. 2 Gangs which were clearing away an Acre of Ground taking their time which does not Expire untill Friday One Gang hoing up Indian Corn The rest of them Employed about a number of necessary Jobs. Carpenter fitting the large Coble with a Steering Oar & Sawyers Sawing 3/4 boards for lining a part of the Barn & Lieutt Cresswells House, at daylight Sent the Coble out & reced 28 Fish issued them 2 lb of Fish in lieu of 1/2 a Ib of Salt Pork — One Man Thrashing out Barley

[Page 131]

Week days
-Mo Days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

November Tuesday
-1789
th 24
-NNW
-good Landing.
-The Wheat throughout ripens very fast & as it is well filled I do not apprehend much damage from ye Caterpillars which are very thick indeed As the path ways are Covered with them.

Wednesday
-th 25
-D°
-D°
-

Thursday
-th 26
-D°
-D°
-

Friday
-th 27
-D°
-D°
-

Saturday
-th 28
-D°
-D°
-

Sunday
-th 29
-ENE
-D°
-

1st day of Wheat Harvest.
-
-

Monday
-th 30
-Variable
-D°
-

December Tuesday
-st 1
-Varble
-D°
-

-
-In ye Evening Squally Wr with heavy rain

[Page 132]

Transactions &c. on Norfolk Island Wr &c

The Weather very hot & Sultry with an appearce of Rain, People all employed as before 5 Men Making Hog pen, Duck Yard &c at the farm. Carpenter Repairing the Boats.

D° Wr The People all employed as before. Sent the Coble out & reced fish enough to serve most part of ye People at 2 ^° of fish for 1/2 a pound of Meat.

D° Wr & Exceeding hot. People all Employed as before. 1 Gang bringing in logs for making a fence round ye Barn.

D° Wr & close. People Employed as before except one Gang Cross cutting lengths for the Pit Sent ye Coble out to fish —

D° Wr & extremeley Sultry hot Weather the People all employed working for themselves.

D° Wr at 10 AM. performed Divine Service Killed a Boar belonging to ye Crown Weight 46 Lbs. stopt Salt meat for D°

D° Wr 2 Gangs Cutting down trees off 2 acres of Ground in Arthurs Vale. One Gang bringing in Rails & paling for inclosing ye Barn Yard, four Men Reaping Wheat. Carpenter fitting & Repairing ye Small Boat. Lucas's time not expired till Decr 10th

D° Wr People all as before Carpenter Flooring Lieutt Cresswells house Reced Fish enough by ye Coble to serve a part of ye People.

[Page 133]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c.

December Wednesday
-1789
nd
2
-Varble
-good Landing
-It is rather Extraordinary that ye Supply when 2° to ye Southward of this had Constant heavy Rains whereas for this Considerable time past we have had a very great drought —

Thursday
-rd 3
-SSW
-D°
-

Friday
-th 4
-D°
-Indifferent Landing.
-

Saturday
-5
-SSW
-Bad Landing
-This day put the Settlement to an allowance of 2/3rd of all spieces per order of His Excellency the Governor.

Sunday
-th 6
-SSE
-D°
-

Monday
-th 7
-SE
-D°
-

[Page 134]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Moderate Breezes & Cloudy Hot Sultry Wr People all employed as before. 6 Men Making an inclosure with Stakes round the Barn reced fish enough to compleat ye serving of Yesterday 2'" of Fish in lieu of 1/2 Ib of Pork.

Fresh Breezes & pleasant Weather at Daylight perceived His Majesties Armed Tender Supply at 8 Reced ye Letters & in ye Course of the day eight Women Convicts landed & a part of the Provisions & Stores. The people all employed as before. Reaping Wheat.

First part D° Wr People all employed as before. Reced one turn of provisions & Stores. In the Afternoon Fresh Gales with Squalls of Rain The Supply standing off & on People all employed as before. The Weather is remarkably Cold & raw

Strong Gales all day, at 9 the Supply bore up & ran to Leeward of the Island Messrs Jamieson & Cresswell went onboard her People Working for themselves.

More Moderate at 10 A.M. performed divine Service Went onboard ye Supply

Pleasant Wr Got every thing & person from the Supply at 4 P.M. she sailed hence for Port Jackson —

[Page 135]

Week days
-Mo
days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

December Tuesday
-1789
th 8
-ESE
-Very good Landing
-Three Men Threshing out Wheat. + The Catterpillars are still very troublesome destroying every plant & Vegetable. The Wheat is nearly all ripe but there are many patches which are still quite green it is my intention to begin reaping ye Whole of it next Week & letting the Green patches remain, as the Parroquets are destroying vast quantity's of it

Wednesday
-th  9
-D°
-D°
-

Thursday
-th 10
-D°
-D°
-

Friday
-th 11
-D°
-D°
-

Saturday
-th 12
-D°
-D°
-

Sunday
-th 13
-D°
-D°
-

[Page 136]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Moderate Breezes & very pleasant Weather People making a staked Fence round the Barn in Arthurs Vale others bringing in Wood. Carpenters about Messrs Cresswell & Jamiesons houses —

D° Wr People all Employed as before 6 Men Turning up a piece of Ground to Sow potatoes on. sent ye Coble fishing she returned not
having caught any +

D° Wr & very Sultry. People all Employed as before The Coble returned with Fish enough to serve every person 2 Ib in lieu of 1/2 a Ib of Pork, vi/. from ye Short allowance

Light Winds & Very $ultry hot Wr Six men reaping Corn 3 Thrashing. 8 bringing in Thatch 4 Carrying Wheat to ye Barn. & ye Rest Empd Cross Cutting Timber.

D° Wr the People Working for themselves Excepting two Men thrashing out Wheat

D° Wr at 10 AM performed divine Service

[Page 137]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landg & Surf
-Observations &c —

December
Monday
-1789
th 14
-NNW
-good Landing.
-

Tuesday
-th 15
-D° SSE SE
-Bad Landing
-This is the first rain that we have had to speak of since ye 23rd of Sept1"

Wednesday
-th 16
-ESE
-A great Surf
+ The Wheat I much fear will be spoiled if this Wet Wr Continue long, a Rick of about 2 Acres is up. 3 Acres cutt is on the Ground. The Wet Wr coming on before it could be taken up 3 Acres is not yet Cut down but is dead ripe.

Thursday
-th 17
-D°
-D°
-

Friday
-th 18
-
-
-

[Page 138]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Strong Gales of Wind & very dark Cloudy Wr threatning much Rain. Most of ye People Employed Getting in the Harvest Thrashing Sec. at Noon punished Jn° Anderson Convict with 200 Lashes for Robbing a Garden, pursuant to the Sentence of the two Justices & Wm Blackball Convict with 50 lashes for treating Mr Dunnavan with Contempt & ye Commandants orders with Insolence —

A Very heavy Gale of Wind untill 2 AM with Constant heavy Showers of Rain untill 6 AM at 2 AM. ye Wind shifted in a Squall to SSE & Continued blowing Strong all Day. People all employed about the harvest &c —

Fresh Gales & dark Cloudy Wr People all Employed getting in the Harvest. Threshing out Wheat & making Ricks &c — in ye Evening drizzling rain.

D° Wr with Constant heavy Rain all Day No harvest Work could be done.

Very heavy Rain with hot Sultry Wr. In ye Evening came on a torrent of Rain which lasted the Whole night. +

[Page 139]

Week days
-Mo
days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

December
Saturday
-1789
th 19
-ESE
-Bad Landing
-+ There is every appearance of the Wheat yielding well it is all in Ricks & all Thatched except one which cannot be compleated for want of Straw — Two Men will constantly be kept Thrashing.

Sunday
-20
-D°
-D°
-

Monday
-st 21
-D°
-good Landing
-

Tuesday
-nd 22
-D°
-D°
-

Wednesday
-rd
' 23
-D°
-D°
-

Thursday
-th 24
-D°
-D°
-Sent ye Coble out but caught only 16 fish.

[Page 140]

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Fresh Breezes, The Rain during the Night very heavy, During ye day some intervals of Dry Weather. The people all employed turning the Wheat that is cut down & was housed.

D° Wr & very pleasant till 4 PM then Threatning Rain People all employed Reaping, binding up ye Wheat & making Ricks, getting ye Wheat &c in for its preservation —

D° Wr with a few light Rains every person employed Reaping, carrying & ricking the Wheat Women Gleaning Sec.

D° Wr People all Employed as Yesterday at Noon Got all the Wheat in & four Ricks Thatched one Rick remains to be thatched. 2 Men Thrashing +

D° & very pleasant Weather people all employed Variously.

D° Wr Gave the People this day on account of their Working last Sunday.

[Page 141]

[Written across double page]

Week days
-Mo
days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-Observations &c

December Friday
-1789
th 25
-ESE
-Good Landing
-

Saturday
-th 26
-SW
-D°
-

Sunday
-th 27
-D°
-D°
-

Smiths Ground began
-
-

Monday
-th 28
-Varble
-D°
-

Tuesday
-th 29
-NW
-D°
-

Wednesday
-30
-D°
-D°
-

Thursday
-st
31
-NNW
-An Increasing Surf
-

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Moderate breezes & pleasant Wr at Sunrise hoisted ye Colours in observance of Christmas Day. at 10 AM performed Divine Service killed 2 Hogs belonging to the Crown Wt 180 Ib & issued them 1 lb & 1/2 to each person & as our Crop of Wheat has been a good one gave Them 2 lb of Flour each Man & one pound to the Women —

D° Wr People all employed, Working for themselves.

D° Wr at 10 AM Performed divine Service. The Wr very hot & Sultry.

Light Winds & very Sultry hot Weather. 2 Gangs of six men each Turning up the Ground that the Wheat came off from. One Gang clearing away Ground The rest of ye Convicts Employed Threshing, making paling round the Barn. &c — Carpenters empd about Lieut Cresswells & Surgeons houses

D° Wr The people all employed as before At day light Lieut Cresswell went with both Boats to Phillip Island & returned at one PM. He went over the Island but could not find any Water. The Weather Very hot & Sultry.

D° Wr but dark heavy Clouds & hot Sultry Weather. The people all employed as before. Employed 4 Men Thatching ye last Rick. Sent ye Coble out to fish but caught only 16 Issued them in lieu of Short Allce

Fresh Gales & heavy Rain all Day. People not Employed on account of the Weather except the 2 Men who were Threshing & Carpenters.

[Page 143]

[Written across double page]

Week days
-Mo
days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf

JanY 1790 Friday
-st 1
-SE
-A
Great Surf

Saturday
-nd 2
-D°
-good Landing

Sunday
-rd 3
-D°
-D°

Monday
-th 4
-ESE
-A very great Surf

Tuesday
-th 5
-SE
-D° decreasg

Wednesday
-th 6
-ESE
-D°

Thursday
-7
-D°
-Less Surf

Friday
-8
-D°
-D°

Saturday
-th 9
-D°
-good Landing

Sunday
-th 10
-D°
-D°

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Strong Gales of Wind & incessant heavy Rain all day Excused the People from Work this being New Years day —

Fresh Gales & Cloudy — People working for themselves —

D° Wr at 10 AM Performed Divine Service A Male Child born -

Strong Gales of Wind & dark Weather. One Gang Clearing away ground for Next Year A Gang bringing in Stakes for building a house for the Store keeper. One Gang Cutting down Trees off an Acre of Ground; four Men Cross Cutting lengths & one Making & three drawing Shingles. Two Men Threshing. Two Endeavouring to make Querns for Grinding Indian Corn but find the Stone is too hard — This Wind blights all the Garden Seeds. Some Indian Corn Sowed ye latter end of July was got in to Day. finished making a fence round the Barn. The Weather very Sharp & Cold -

More Moderate than Yesterday, the People all Employed as before. The people who were at Work about ye fence round the Barn Employed building a log house for the Storekeeper. Carpenters making ye lower mast of a Flaggstaff & lining Lt Cresswells house

D° Wr the People all employed as before. Carpenters about ye Flaggstaff & Lieut Cresswells house The Rest as before —

D° Wr The People all empd as before 4 Men Winnowing Wheat —

D° Wr The people all as before. The perroquets are distroying ye Indian Corn having almost totally distroyed the Crop of some individuals.

D° Wr The people all Empd Working at their Gardens &c — Carpenters finishing the Flaggstaff. The Perroquets are very troublesome.

D° Wr at 10 AM performed Divine Service

[Page 145]

[Written across double page]

Week days
-Mo
days
-Winds
-Landg & Surf
-Observations &c —

JanY 1790 Monday
-th 11
-East
-A great Surf
-

Tuesday
-th 12
-ESE
-D°
-

WednesY
-th 13
-DC-
-D°
-

ThurdY
-14
-North -Less Surf
-

Friday
-th 15
-South -A great Surf
-

SaturdY
-th 16
-SE
-Less Surf
-

Sunday
-th 17
-NorthY
-good Landing
-

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Fresh Breezes & Cloudy Weather, from day light till Eight oclock Employed Getting up Sheers & Stepping a Flagg-staff & getting the Topmast up in ye Front Yard of the Superintendant & Commandants House. People afterwards Employed bringing in posts & logs of Wood for erecting a Stoccade inclosure round the Superintendant & Commandants House in- which inclosure is hereafter intended to build Barracks for the Marines. 1 Carpenter about Lieut1 Cresswells house. Sawyers sawing Stuff for D° —

D° Wr People Employed most part of the Day bringing a Spar from Turtle Bay for a Topmast. Four Men Making a Stocade inclosure the rest as before.

D° Wr 3 Gangs of 6 Men Each Cutting down Trees & Clearing away Ground 5 Men Making a Stoccade. 6 Men bringing in Thatch & Thatching the Store keepers house. 5 D° breaking down ye Cobs of Indian Corn The rest employed occasY & necessarily 1 Sawpit Sawing boards.

Strong Gales of Wind & some Showers of Rain People all employed as before. 2 Men bringing in Stones for building a Chimney for the Surgeon. 6 Men ss.

D° Wr with some Showers of Rain The People all Employed as before — 6 Men Sick 4 Men breaking down Indian Corn.

Moderate Gales & Cloudy — The People all Employed Working for themselves

Moderate Breezes & very pleasant Weather at 10 AM performed Divine Service

[Page 147]

Week days
-Mo
days
-Winds
-LandS & Surf
-Observations &c

JanY 1790 Monday
-th 18
-NE
-Very good Landing
-At Day light sent the Boat out to fish at Noon She returned with 40 Issued them to a part of the people in lieu of of the Short Allce stopped. Some of the Convicts killed a Sow belonging to the Crown which could not be discovered.

Tuesday
-th 19
-East
-D°
-Sent the Coble fishing at 2 PM She returned with 60 fish Issued them to ye People in Lieu of the deduction in the Allowance

WednesY
-th 20
-D°
-D°
-During this Month a greater Number of people have been sick than has been the Case since I landed The Complaint is mostly a diarrhoe, but they soon recover of it. The Surgeon thinks it is owing to the Vast quantitys of Vegetables that are eaten —

Thursday
-st 21
-ENE
-D°
-

Friday
-nd 22
-D°
-D°
-

Saturday
-rd 23
-NE
-D°
-

Sunday
-th 24
-NNE
-D°
-

[Page 148]

Transactions on Norfolk Island &c

Moderate Breezes & very pleasant Weather at Sunrise hoisted ye Colours in observation of her Majesties Birth Day. One Gang bringing in Logs for making a Stoccade round the Superintendant & Commandants house. Filling the Bam & Thrashing. 2 Carpenters about Lieut1 Cress-wells house & 2 about ye Store keepers. One Gang Clearing away Ground.

D° Wr 3 Gangs Employed Clearing away Ground for Cultivation Two Men bringing in Stone for building a Chimney for the Surgeon. Only one Sawyer at Work ye other Sawyer Very ill. 2 Men Thrashing & ye rest ReapS

D° Wr People All Employed as Yesterday The Weather Exceding hot - 1 Male Child born

D° Wr Employed as before Gathering Indian Corn. Punished James Burn Convict with 25 lashes for Stealing Indian Corn —

0° Wr the People all employed as before Repairing the Small Coble

Dark Cloudy Wr inclinable for Rain — People Working for themselves —

Moderate & Very Sultry hot Weather at 10 AM performed divine Service

[Page 149]

[Written across double page]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing Surf

JanY 1789
 Monday
-th 25
-NNE
-Indifft Landing

Tuesday
-th 26
-D°
-D°

WednesY
-th 27
-WSW
-D°

Thursday
-th 28
-D° ESE
-D°

Friday
-29
-D°
-Bad
Landing

Saturday
-th 30
-ENE
-D°

Sunday
-31
-NN[E?]
-

Observations, Transactions & on Norfolk Island Weather &c

Very hot Sultry Weather — 4 Men putting up a Stoccade round the Store house & Commandants house 4 Burning & getting up Earth 1 Gang Clearing away Ground two Thrashing ye Rest of the labourers time saved, not Expired Till tomorrow & Wednesday 2 Carpenters about Lining Lieut4 Cresswells house One Sawpit sawing Joists &c for putting another floor to the barn to Contain The Indian Com — The perroquets are destroying it very fast —

D° Wr People all Employed as before 2 Gangs Turning up Ground in Arthurs Vale 1 Man building a Chimney for ye Surgeon Carpenters about ye Stoccade & making oars —

D° Wr & very Sultry. People all Employed as before

Fresh breezes & Cloudy Weather People all Employed as before — 12 sick & lame.

Moderate Breezes & Cloudy Weather, at day light perceived* His Majesties Armed Tender Supply in the Road Sent the Coble off & reced ye Despatches no Landing the Remr of day — 6 Convicts were put on Shore from the Supply in Ball Bay. People all empd as before.

D° Wr Landing still very indifferent — Reced in the Course of the day the Remaining Convicts from the Supply in all 22 Male & 2 Female Children with 1 Child

Strong Gales of Wind & very dark Cloudy Wr with heavy Rain in ye MornS before the thick Wr Came on sent the Coble onbd ye Supply where she was hoisted in

[Page 151]

[Written across double page]

Week day
-Mo day
-Winds
-LandS & Surf

FebY 1789 Monday
-st
1
-SE
-good Landing

Tuesday
-nd 2
-D°
-Bad Landing

WednesY
-rd
3
-NE
-good Landing

Thursday
-4
-NW
-No Surf

Friday
-5
-D°
-D°

Saturday
-th 6
-NE
-D°

Sunday
-th 7
-D°
-D°

Observations & Transactions on Norfolk Isld Weather &c —

Moderate Gales & Cloudy during the day received every thing from the Supply — a Part of ye People turning up Ground & ye rest Empd occassionally & at task work

Fresh Gales & dark Cloudy Weather. The Surf running high could not send the dispatches onboard the Supply untill 4 P.M. when she sailed for Port Jackson — The People Employed as Yesterday.

D° Wr with heavy Rain most part of the Day. The Convicts who came by the Supply Employed buildS their Houses. 2 Gangs Turning up Ground, 6 Covering in one of the Sawpits. [blank space] Women & 5 Men Gathering & Husking Indian corn 2 Men Thrashing out Wheat Sawyers & Carpenters about a floor for the upper part of the Barn to Contain the Indian Corn 2 Men Shingg ye Mids house

Very Strong Gales & dark Cloudy Weather with almost constant Rain people Employed at intervals as Yesterday

D° Wr with less Rain Employed some hands & Women gathering & husking Indian Corn the Rest Employed as before.

Moderate Breezes & very hot Sultry Weather The People all working at their Gardens &c.—

D° Breezes with incessant heavy Rain at six AM sent the Boat to Phillip Island at Noon She returned with fish enough to Serve every person in the Settlement 21bs.

[Page 153]

[Written across double page]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf

Feby 1790 Monday
-th 8
-ENE
-Indifferent Landing.

Tuesday
-th 9
-NE
-D°

Wednesday
-th 10
-ENE
-D°

Thursday
-th 11
-D°
-D°

Friday
-th 12
-D°
-D°

Saturday
-th 13
-D°
-D°

Sunday
-th 14
-D°
-Bad
Landing

Monday
-th 15
-DC-
-Indifft Landing.

Transactions &c on Norfolk Island State of the Wr &c

Fresh Gales & dark Cloudy Weather 3 Gangs of 6 Men each Clearing away 3 Acres of Ground. A Number Employed Gathering, husking, & getting Indian Corn to the Barn Thatching ye Roof of one of the Sawpits, & a number of other necessary Jobs — Carpenters about Lieut Cresswells house putting a Floor to the Barn — &c —

Moderate Breezes & Cloudy Weather. People all Employed as before. 11 Sick& Lame.

D° Breezes & very Sultry hot Weather The People all Employed as before.

Very Pleasant Sultry Weather. People all employed as before. Sent the large boat to Phillip Isle, at 3 P.M. it returned with fish enough to serve 81 people.

D° Wr & very Sultry The People all employed as before Sent the Coble over to Phillip Isle at 3 P.M. she returned with Sufficient fish to serve the remainder of the people.

D° Wr & very Cloudy The People working for themselves.

Fresh Breezes & very Gloomy Weather, at 10 AM performed divine Service.

Fresh Gales & Cloudy Weather 3 Gangs Employed Clearing away Ground 3 Sawpits at Work for Barracks &c Carpenters occasionally. 6 Men Carrying Thatch 7 Men Assisting Officers & Settlers at their Grounds 4 Men Making Shingles Women & 3 Men Breaking down & gathering Indian Corn — 8 sick —

[Page 155]

[Written across double page]

Week days
-Mo
days
-Winds
-Landg & Surf
-

FebY 1790 Tuesday
-th 16
-East
-good Landing.
-

Wednesday
-th 17
-D°
-D°
-

Thursday
-th 18
-D°
-D°
-

Friday
-th 19
-D°
-D°
-

Saturday
-th 20
-D°
-D°
-

Sunday
-21
-NE
-D°
-

Monday
-nd
22
-NE
-good Landing.
-6 Men building a house for a Settler in Phillimore's Valley.

Tuesday
-rd 23
-NE
-D°
-

Wednesday Thursday
-24 ) & 25 )
-NE
-D°
A great Sea without
-

Observations & Transactions on Norfolk Island Weather &c

Moderate Breezes & Very hot Sultry Weather. The people all Employed as Yesterday 14 Lame & Sick 5 Men building a Log house for a Settler

D° Wr The people all employed as before & getting Timber to the Pitts — One Man Repairing & Caulking the Small Coble 15 Lame & Sick

D° Wr Employed the People All as before four Men Sifting & Cleaning the Wheat The rest as before

Fresh Gales & dark Cloudy Wr people all Employed as before. Got in the last of the Indian Corn — 16 Sick & lame Some showers of rain in the Night

Moderate Breezes & pleasant Weather with some Showers of Rain in the Night The people all Employed working for themselves — 14 Sick & Lame

D° Wr at 10 AM. performd Divine Service

Fresh Gales & dark Cloudy Weather with some showers of rain in the Night 3 Gangs of 6 Men each Clearing away Ground for Cultivation & Sawpits Sawing framing & Scantling for building Barracks Carpenters finishing Lieut Cresswells house. Eight Men Employed getting timber to the pits afterwards harrowing Turnip seed in getting in Indian Corn &c 5 Men Making Shingles & 4 digging a new Sawpit Punished Jn° Boyle Convict with 25 lashes for absenting himself from his Work — 10 Sick & lame

D° Wr people all Employed as before 2 Men bringing in logs for the Stoccade 2 Men ThrashS out Wheat.

Very Strong Gales of Wind & dark Cloudy Weather The People all Employed as before on Thursday Got 2 Ricks of Wheat into the Barn — 8 Sick & Lame

[Page 157]

[Written across double page]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-LandS & Surf

FebY 1790 Friday
-th 26
-NE
-good Landing A great Sea with

Saturday
-th 27
-D°
-

Sunday
-th 28
-D°
-D°

March Monday
-29th
1
-East SE SSW WSW
-good Landing

Tuesday
-nd 2
-SW
-Bad Landing

Wednesday
-rd 3
-D°
-D°

Thursday
-th 4
-Varble
-A Great Surf.

Friday
-5
-D°
-Good Landing

Saturday
-th 6
-D°
-D°

Sunday
-th 7
-NE
-D°

Observations &c — Norfolk Island Weather &c

Strong Gales of Wind & dark Cloudy Weather. The people all Employed as before Carpenters finished Lieutt Cresswells house. 18 Sick & lame

Fresh Gales & Cloudy People all employed working for themselves.

D° Wr with some heavy Squalls of Wind & Rain, at 10 AM. Performed Divine Service

Moderate Breezes & Cloudy 3 Gangs of 6 Men each Clearing away 3 Acres of Ground, Eleven, Getting up Roots off 7 Acres of Ground in Arthurs Vale Carpenter fitting up the Stoccade 3 Sawpits Sawing Scantling & framing for the Barracks. 2 Men Thrashing 10 Convicts With Officers & Settlers 4 Overseers four Men finished building a house for one of the Settlers. The rest Sick & em[p]loyed occasionally — 4 Men bringing in Logs for the Stoccade

Fresh Breezes & Cloudy Wr The People all Employed as before. Women & three Men Stripping Indian Corn off the Husks.

D° Wr with little Wind toward ye Evening. People all employed as before.

Light Wind with Calms. The People all Employed as before The Weather very hot & Sultry.

Moderate Breezes & very dark Cloudy Weather with Constant heavy rain Some of the Convicts Employed Stripping Indian Corn off ye Husks.

Light Winds & dark Cloudy Wr with Rain at times Served 111 Quarts of Indian Corn in Lieu of Pease at one Quart per Man. ye Rest in Rice. People workS for thems.

Strong Gales & Incessant heavy Rain all the day.

[Page 159]

[Written across double page]

Week days
-Mo day
-Winds
-LandS & Surf

March 1790 Monday
-th 8
-SW SSW SbE
-good Landing.

Tuesday
-th 9
-ESE
-D°

WednesY
-th 10
-NE
-D°

Thursday
-th 11
-NE
SW
-good Landing.

Friday
-th 12
-S.W.
-D°

Saturday
-th 13
-SW
-Very Bad Landing.

Observations &c — Transactions on Norfolk Island &c

Moderate Gales & Cloudy Weather. 2 Gangs began Clearing away Ground in Arthurs Vale, 2 D° fixing a Shed over a Sawpit Six Men bringing in Logs for a Stockade & four about it 4 Men Making a fowl Yard two Threshing 3 Sawpits Sawing Framing &c for building Barracks. Carpenters Time Not Up — 1 Man taking Care of Stock. With Officers, Gardners &c. — 4 Overseers. Marine & Convict Blacksmith Employed Making hinges for ye bedsteads for the Barracks &c — 3 Making Shingles for the Barracks &c

D° Wr The People all Employed as before

Fresh Gales & dark Cloudy Wr with almost Constant Rain The People all Employed as before —

Very heavy Rain during the night at 8 The Wind shifted to SW after which had fresh Gales during the Day at 1 the boat went over to Phillip Isle to fish, at 3 P.M. she returned with only 5 Fish. Carpenter making a hatch for ye 1st floor of the Barn —

Strong Gales & Cloudy The People all Employed as Yesterday

D° Wr at day light perceived His Majesties Ship Sirius & Supply armed Tender in the Offing at 10 Received the despatches from Ball Bay & the Sirius & Supply went round to Cascade Bay where the detachmt of Marines were landed & Convicts —

[Page 161]

[Written across double page]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf

March 1790 Sunday
-14
-SE
-Bad Landing

Monday
-th 15
-ESE
-D°

Tuesday
-th 16
-NE
-good Landing

Wednesday
-th 17
-D°
-D°

ThursdY
-th 18
-D°
-D°

Observations & Transactions on Norfolk Island

Fresh Gales & Cloudy Wr Sent All the Convicts round to Cascade Bay where a Great part of the Luggage The Detatchment of Marines & most part of the Convicts were landed, at Noon Lieu^ Governor Ross Came to the Settlement & requested myself & Lieut Cresswell to Carry on the duty as usual untill my departure.

Fresh breezes Sent the Convicts round to Cascade Bay & reced a great part of the Baggage from the Sirius & Supply, had a Survey on the Stores & Provisions remaining in the Settlement.

Strong Gales of Wind & thick Cloudy Wr with almost Constant Rain The Sirius & Supply were seen from Mount Pitt. Off the SE Point, Some distance off at Sea. Jeremiah Leary ran the Gauntlet among the Convicts for theft & was severely punished.

Very Strong Gales of Wind & dark Cloudy Weather with heavy rains. People Employed Variously the Sirius & Supply working up. the Supply Came into the Roads about 1 oclock; setit the Boats Off & received on shore a part of the Luggage, Stock, & 13 Casks of Provisions.

Strong Gales of Wind with Exceding heavy Rain all night could not see any Vessell before 4 P.M. when the Supply was in the SW People all Employed occasionally

[Page 163]

[Written across double page]

Week days
-Mo
days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf
-

March 1790 Friday
-19
-ESE
At
Noon SE
South -Very good Landing all the Day
-The Ship lies broadside to the Surf which breaks over her Chess tree

Saturday
-th 20
-South -Bad Landing
-At daylight perceived that the Sirius had swung on the reef & brought her stern right off

Observations &c, on Norfolk Island Weather &c.

Fresh gales & Exceeding hot Sultry weather. The People all employed as before Moderate Gales at daylight made the Signal that Landing was very good & that the large Boats could Land. The Supply in the roads & the Sirius Standing in. Received every thing from the Supply, at Noon the Sirius having twiced missed Stays & being Embayed, struck on the outer part of the Reef — Received a Small Quantity of Provisions from her by the boats, but the Surf being much increased along side her & the Wreck of her Masts having staved some of the Boats, no more Could lay along side. In the Evening The Weather having a very bad appearance &; knowing that the Ship would not possibly hold together if the Surf increased more on the Flowing tide which was very likely to happen, I made signs for that remaining onboard the Ship was dangerous. Having got some hawsers from the Ship & a Traveller to one of them. Hauled the Captain & part of the Officers & people on shore & saved their lives with difficulty having dragged them across ye Reef thro' a Very great Surf Most part of the Officers & people remained onboard the Sirius's wreck all night

Strong Gales & Cloudy Employed getting every person out of ye Sirius's Wreck which was finished by 4 oclock in the Afternoon The Master & Boatswain came last a Small Quantity of Beef was received by rafts & a quantity of the Officers & peoples Effects The Ship lies off & on, & ye Midship frame is loosned The provisions are mostly on deck & it is likely that none of it will be lost, at 9 AM. of this day the Lieutt Governor assembled every person belonging to the Settlement all the Commission Officers belonging to the Sirius & Marines, when a number of resolutions were agreed to in order to ensure peace & good order in The Settlement.

[Page 165]

[Written across double page]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-LandS & Surf
-Observations &c

Sunday
-st 21
-SW
-A
very heavy Surf
-

Monday
-nd 22
-SW WSW
-
-

Transactions on Norfolk Island Wr &c

Very Strong Gales of Wind & a great Sea Running. The Sirius end on off the Reef, & altho' a very great Surf runs with Violence Yet she does not appear worse than Yesterday when the last of her Company quitted her from which Circumstance It is hoped that every Article of Provisions as well as most of her Effects will be saved. At daylight I accompanied Capt. Hunter to Cascade Bay where we met Lieutt Ball & Capt Hunter Settled the Number of Men to be sent to Port Jackson Convicts Carrying my things to Cascade Bay where they were sent onbd ye Supply & the Sirius's Ships Company Clearing the Wreck of the Main Mast.

Fresh Gales & Cloudy at 8 AM. Every person in the Settlement were assembled under the lower Flagg-Staff. where the Union was hoisted. The Troops were drawn up in two lines, leaving the Union at their head in the Center, with the Colours of the detatchment displayed; The Sirius's Ships Company on the right & ye Convicts on the left; the Officers in the Center, When the proclamation was read, declaring the Law Martial, to be that by which the the Island was in future to be governd by, untill further orders. The Lieut1 Governor addressed the Convicts, after which the Whole gave three Cheers, & then every person beginning with the Lieut Governor & Capt. Hunter passed under the Union in token of a promise or oath to submit & be amenable to the Law Martial then declared. The Convicts & Sirius's Ships Company were then sent round to Cascade Bay, where a proportion of Flour & pork

[Page 167]

[Written across double page]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds
-Landing & Surf

March 1790
Continuation Monday
-22
-WbN
-A very heavy Surf

Tuesday
-rd 23
-D°
-good Landing.

Wednesday
-th 24
-SSW
-D°

Transactions on Norfolk Island State of Wr &c

were received from the Supply & brought round to the Settlement. Several things belonging to myself were also sent onboard the Supply. At 9 in the Morning JohnBranagan & Wm Bring Convicts having offered to go onboard the Sirius & heave over board the live stock that remained onboard had permission from the Ll Governor & Capt. Hunter. They sent A Number of Pigs &c onshore but neglected coming on shore themselves. At dusk in ye Evening perceived they had a light, & fearing an Accident by fire. Some Volleys of Small Arms were fired but the light not being put out a three pounder shotter was fired at the Ship, which had one Effect. John Ancott a Carpenter offered to go off to the Ship & altho the Surf was very high, he got onboard, & obliged the other two Convicts to quit the Ship, by the Hawser, Ancott remains onbd ye Ship all night

Strong Gales, at Day light The Supply working up at Nine Sent the large Coble off with some of my Things & the Officers &c of the Sirius at 10 there being too great a Sea in the Bay she bore up & ran for Cascade Bay at day light The Master of the Sirius & eight Men went onboard by the Hawser. A triangle was erected on the Reef to keep the bight of the Hawser up, which will greatly facilitate the Getting Provisions &c out of the Wreck — Mr H The Master of the Sirius informed Capt. Hunter by a letter, +ye two Convicts had set fire to the Ship which had burnt thro' ye gun deck but was happily Extinguished by the Man that went onboard to send them out. +Jn° Brannagan & Wm Bring were taken into Custody, & will be tried for setting fire to ye Wreck

Moderate Bree/es & pleasant Wr at 8 A.M. I went in the Coble to Cascade Bay where I found the Supply & Embarked onboard her as did Lieutts Fowell & Waterhouse with 22 of the Sirius's Company, at 12 we Saild for Port Jackson When I left Sydney Bay there was every appearance of seeing every thing that remained onboard the Wreck & The provisions will not be damaged as every thing is on the Gun, & upper decks

[Page 169]

Week days 1790
-Mo Days
-Winds
-Course
-Distce
-Lattde in
-Longde in
-Bearing &c —

March Thursday
-th 25
-SWbW SSW South -S70° W
-9'8
-29.35
-166.31
-Lord Howe Island S70° W 400 Miles

Friday
-th 26
-South -West
-40
-29.35
-165.46
-S70° W 357'

Saturday
-th 27
-E.S.E.
-S60 W
-151'
-30.48
-162.59
-S76° W 200'

Sunday
-th 28
-East
-S71W
-130
-31.27
-160.42
-N88° W 79'

Monday
-29
-ENE
-S43° W
-45'
-32.08
-158.30
-Port Jackson S74W 370'

Tuesday
-th 30
-D°
-S66°W
-67'
-32.36
-157.03
-S75°W295'

Wednesday
-st 31
-NE
-S66°W
-96
-33.01
-155.11
-S75°W 194

Thursday
-st 1
-
-S57° W
-109
-34.00
-153.23
-N85 W 98'

Friday
-nd 2
-NW
-SW
-No obs'e

[Page 170]

Transactions & Weather from Norfolk Island to Port Jackson

Moderate Breezes a great Swell from the Southward, some part of the 24 hours Calm — saw a great quantity of Tropic Birds round the Vessell I think from ye vast quantitys of these birds which are about the Islands at this time that they have a peculiar Season. In the Spring & summer scarce any are to be seen.

Light winds with calms during most part of the night. The Swell from ye Southward still continues

At 9 AM came on a gentle breeze at ESE a great Swell from the Southward continues, which is very confused & short.

Moderate Gales & very Pleasant Weather with a very great Sea from the Southward

Moderate Breezes & Cloudy Wr The Swell is not so great as Yesterday.

Moderate & hazey Wr with a very great Swell at 11 P.M. saw Lord Ho we Island bearing SWbW 10 Leagues.

D° Wr at 3 AM Mount Gower NbW 5 or 6 miles passed between Pt King & Balls Pyramid — The Weather very pleasant & smooth water.

Very pleasant Weather & smooth Water. The Winds rather light & variable.

Moderate Breezes & hazey Wr at 6 A.M. saw the land bearing West about 10 Leagues, at Noon the Nort Land bore NbW. ye Hatt Hill NWbW. ye SoutherY land South & Cape three points SW 1/2W distance from the Nearest Shore about 4 Leagues.

[Page 171]

[Written across double page]

Week days
-Mo days
-Winds

Saturday
-rd 3
-SSE

Sunday
-th 4
-SE

Monday
-th 5
-West

Observations &c

Fresh Breezes & Cloudy Weather at 6 P.M. Cape Three points SWbW. & Hatt Hill NW1/2 N In the Night had Squally Weather with heavy Thunder lightning & Rain Working to the Southward for Port Jackson — We find a Strong Current Setting to the Southward.

Fresh Breezes & Squally at day light the Entrance of Port Jackson bore WbS 7 Leagues at 8 oclock bore in Within the heads Worked up the harbour at 9 left the Supply & met the Governor Coming down in his boat. The Astonishment which our unfortunate acc[ount]s Respecting the loss of the Sirius occasioned is fully seen in the Countenance of every one here This Settlement has been at less than half allowance since [blank space] March — It is really wonderfull that No Vessells have yet arrived

Moderate & Cloudy Weather. In the Evening all the Military & staff were assembled at the Government house, when his Excellency laid before every one present the Situation of the Colony, respecting the Provisions, which was become necessary from the unfortunate loss of His Majestys Ship Sirius. The Governor pointed out the Great Necessity their was for an immediate Reduction of the Present Rations. Every persons opinion was asked respecting how Robbing Gardens cd be prevented. & what was the best made ye cd be adopted for procuring fish to make a saving of the Salt provisions, when it was determined to Call in all private Boats & to Employ them fishing for the publick that an Officer was to Superintend the Fishery. That the Game keepers were to kill kangaroo for the Publick & that the following Ration shorts commence on ye 12 of this Month. Two pounds & half of flour Two pounds of Pork, & two pounds of Rice for seven Men for one day. at which Ration there will be Pork untill ye 26th August. Rice untill ye 13th Septr & Flour untill ye 19th of December. The Supply is also to be sent to Batavia for Provisions & Her Commander is ordered to take a Ship up to bring a further Supply. I am to go onbd ye above Vessell & to make the best of my way to England with Governor Phillips dispatches — Sailed from Port Jackson ye 17th April — Carried on in The Loggs Private Remarks in this —

[Page 173]

[Written across double page]

Elements. New Zealanders language
-

Fire
-E-ha-he
-

Air
-
-

Earth -E'Whenua
-this seems confined to the land they live in as They had no idea of any other Country —

Water
-Ewy
-

flame of the fire
-Emuda
-

Spring
-
-

Summer
-Edou-ma te
-

Autumn
-
-

Winter
-Echo-touke
-

North -Emaru-ngi
-\

South -Ebow-howoodoo
-

East
-Etonga
-

West
-Etehu
-\

To See
-Ete-te-do
-

To hear
-Edongo
-

To feel
-Edomi-domi
-

To Smell
-Ehongi
-

To Taste
-Emeite
-

-Hi ti-ti-eshow

New Moon
-Ye te de how
-

Full Moon
-Epo-po-ne-nu-ee
-

-Epo-po-e-enui

I cannot find that they have any other divisions of time than in Calculating by Moons — 100 Moons is an Etow by which means they count their ages & all other events — Tooke exactly ascertains the time that Capt Cook was first in New Zealand, 8c anchored at or near Ho-do-do where he & his people were a guest of Tookes Father, this he has from his father as he says he was but just born.

[Page 175]

[Written across double page]

Last Quarter of the Moon
-Ede-deke

Sun
-Eda

Sun rise
-Eputa

Noon
-Ea-wa-tere

Sunsett
-Ea-hi-aie

Night
-Eapo

Star
-Ewhatu

Rainbow
-Yen neak newaf

Wind
-E Matangae
-

Rain
-Ehu-a
-

Lightning
-Eu-eda
-

Thunder
-E.wet-e-teda
-

Heat
-Em-ma-hane
-

Cold
-Maka-riede
-
[indecipherable]
-Eco-hoo

Dew
-Epo-caca
-

A Storm
-
-

To Freeze or Ice
-Eco-peue
-

To Snow — or Snow
-Ewhatu
-

Yesterday
-In-a-nhai
-

To day
-N' ago on ai
-

Tomorrow
-Apopo
-

Day after to Morrow
-Ata-hy ha
-

Day after that
-Awaka
-

[Page 177]

[Written across double page]

the Human Body
The Head
-Yen gang
-

Hair
-Ha-ho-do-ho-do
-

Ear
-Eta-dinga
-Etoudi preceeding Eta dinga signifies deaf.

Forehead
-Eda-hin
-

Eye
-Cano-wa
-

Cheek
-Pa-pa-reenga
-

Nose
-E'Eshu
-

Beard
-Ecou-wy
-

Neck
-Eka ka
-

Arm
-Poco-fe[e?] [a?]
-

Breast
-Edai-ee
-

Nipple
-E oo
-

Navel
-E'pee to
-

Thigh
-E Hoo-haa
-

Leg
-E Wa Wy
-

Fingers
-E mata kara
-

Finger nails
-Ecoro-ete
-

The Skin
-He-ia-dare
-

Lips
-Ing-oo-too [?]
-

Mouth -Ewa-ha
-

Teeth -in.ni-jow

Throat
-Ecoro-coro

Hand
-Eparo
-

Belly
-Ecopu
-

[Page 179]

[Written across double page]

Knees
-Eture-pona
-

Feet
-Eda parapa
-

Privities of a Man
-Eude
-

D° of a Woman
-Etecki
-

Back
-Etoo-ora
-

Back side
-Ecumo
-

Bald headed
-Pa-ke-da
-

To laugh
-Ekata
-

To Cry or Weep
-Etange
-

To Spit
-Etoo-ha
-

Breath -Eco-wara
-

Groan
-Ema-my
-

Sigh
-Esha
-

Sneeze
-Te zee ou wa*
-*is sounded expression of Sneezing — A Compliment is paid by the N.Z. when any one in Company with them sneezes by repeating the following verses

Te-za Te-za Paw we Paw-we Wa-kou-te Make Co-to-ho-ee Tu-tu-ro-ate na tangato kitipo Tu-tui a-mahoe nata-nata Kit-le-how-teeza teeza paw-we paw-we wd-kon-ti-make coti-ki-lee.

Hiccough
-Eco-shou
-

Sleep
-Emoe
-

Fat
-Eda-hee
-

No other term than Great or Small.

Lean
-EEt- As Eat -
-

Health -E'ora
-

Silk
-E'matte, means also dead
-

Handsome
-Epi — also clean
-

Ugly
-Ekeno — also Dirty
-

Belly ach
-Em-a-mir, & pain in general.
-

Tooth ach
-Inni-jow. Eloongha

[Page 181]

[Written across double page]

Head Ach
-E-oo-dee
-

An Itching
-Ede-kara-ka
-

Love
-E-huf-fe
-

Hatred
-He-de-de
-

Fear
-Ema-ta-ku
-

J°y
-Eka-tou
-

Anger
-no other term than Hatred
-

Shame
-Eko-ke-pe
-

Loathing
-Ekow-wa
-

An Error or Mistake
-Ewara wara
-

A Cut
-Eko-Cut
-

A Blow
-Emo-to
-

To faint
-Ehou-dang-e
-

Mankind
-
-

A Man
-Ta ne — A sounded long —
-male Child tanu-ette An Infant Eco te-ro Ecoro-wa-ke

A Woman
-Wa-hei.ne
-

An Old Man
-Ecoro Whaiaie'
-

An Old Woman
-Edu-a-hene
-

A Young Man
-E Tam a reke
-

A Young Woman
-E'Tam a. hene
-

Father
-Matua Ta ne
-

Mother
-Matua Waheine
-

Sister
-Tua heine
-

[Brother]
-Tong-a-ne
-

Brother Elder )
-Tua Ca ne
-

Younger )
-Teine

[Page 183]

[Written across double page]

Twins
-Emi yanga
-

Children call their Father
-Pa Pa
-

D° their Mother
-Hatye
-

Husband} no other distinction
Wife} the Tahne & Waheine

Orphan
-
-

To Eat
-He-haie
-

To drink
-HE-E1 nu
-

To Walk
-Eira
-

Run
-Eo-mu
-

Jump
-Edare
-

Swim
-Eka-ou
-

To follow
-no other term than come here — E hi da my

To Meet
-Etu-take
-

To Make haste
-Ke-oro-mi
-

To sit down
-E-No-ho
-

To get up
-Ewaka-te-ca
-

To Work
-Emo-ki
-

To touch
-
-

To Shut a Door
-Ha kopi
-

To Open D°
-Eu waki
-

To fill
-Ede-ding-ee
-\

To give, or reach
-Eomi
-

To plant
-Ewak-a-tu
-

[Page 185]

[Written across double page]

To tye or bind
-Eda-fe
-

To Untie
-Ewa-wette
-

To pluck up
-Eo-hoo tee
-

To throw away
-Emaca

To look at
-Ete-te-do
-

To break anything like a plate
-E-ko-re
-

To tear break as a Stick
-Ewhatte

To tear
-Ehi-yi
-Ehi yi to tear — Car-co-re a hole in cloaths or to pull down or destroy any building Ekore any thing broke like a plate

To Cut
-E-Ko-Cout
-

To find
-Ca-ke tera
-

To seek to look for
-Ing-ha roo This also means Surf

To Stain or dirty anything
-E-ke-no
-

To clean
-Em-oo-Roo
-

To wash
-Eo-roo-ee
-

To build
-E yhay-a
-

To pull down
-Ka-ko-ne

To forget where anything is put or layn
-E'Waru-Waru
-E'War[r*]a- War[r*]a

To dance
-E ha-ka *Thesc
-letters, have been pencilled in over the line.

To Steal
-E-hu-na
-

To Drown
-Eta-poko
-

To Sing
-Ewy-atta
-

To dream
-Ewa [Indistinct, possibly die or die]

To tell lyes
-Eteka

To tell truth -Epeno

[Page 187]

Good
-My-ty

Ill Bad or Wrong
-Mack-row-a

Great
-Enue

Little
-Emoro-eite

Thick
-Emata-to-too-roo

Thin
-Eda-eda-hi

High or tall
-Edo-aw

low
-Epoto

Long} No other meaning than Edo-wa & Epoto
Short}

Wide
-Ewa nue

Narrow
-Ewa etc

New
-

Old
-

Fat
-Eda-he

Lean
-Eat — pronounced as Eat

heavy
-Eti ma ha

Light
-Ema-ma

full
-Ede-dinge

Empty
-Ema-dinge

Hard
-Ema-row

Soft
-Ing-now-arey

Sweet
-

Sour
-

[Page 188]

The principal distinctions of People at New Zealand are
Etanga-teda Eti-Ket-i-ca — A Chief or Man in great authority
Etanga-teda-Epodi A Subaltern Chief or a Chief or a Gentleman
Etanga-roa A priest, it seems the authority of the priest is equal, if not greater than the Etanga- teda Eti-Ket-a-ca
Ta-ane-Emoki A labouring Man who we are told is under very great Subjection to the Chief.
Eta-ro-na To hang ones self
Suicide is very common among the New Zealanders which act they often Commit on very slight occasions, A Woman being beat by her husband hangs herself without any Ceremony which mode of putting an end to their existence they are perfect adept in — Tooke having given me some reason to be angry with him, I express'd my Anger by looking stern at him, he went out of the house with a determination to hang himself, but he was pursuaded to remain a little longer in this World & soon after laughed at his attempt

[Page 189]

Tooke confirms the account of the different tribes living in a Constant state of Warfare but obstinately denies that the Whole of the N. Zealanders are Cannibals & it was not but with much difficulty that we could persuade him to enter on the subject; after having been with us some time he owned that all the Inhabitants on the N & W of Queen Charlottes Cookes Straits Sound are Cannibals, also those which inhabit a part of the North point of Ea-hei-no maue, moodee-whenua & all the Inhabitants of the Southern Island Poo-nam-moo. The intermediate part between ye North & South parts of Ea-heino-maue as described in Tookes Chart is thickly inhabited by a peaceable people divided into a number of Tribes who are constantly at War with the people of T'sou-duckey Moodee Whenua & Terry-inga
The dead are buried & according to their Notions, ye third day after interment the Heart seperates itself from the Body, & its escape from the Grave, is announced by a gentle breeze of Wind which warns an inferior Ea tooa which is hovering over the Grave of its approach who receives it & carries it to the Clouds, In his Chart delineated a Road which goes the lengthway of

[Page 190]

Ea-hein-o-maue viz from Sow ducke to Terry inga. On the Death of any person their evil genius quits their body & is conducted by a Eatooa along this Road to Terry inga from whence it is precipitated into the Sea Ekara Kee a To pray — Every undertaking whether it is to fish or any other common occupation is preceeded by a prayer addressed to the Supreme Ea Tooa, all Cultivated Grounds are consecrated once in a hundred Moons or one Etow /eight Years/
Tookee points out a very good Fresh Water River on the West side of Ea hein mauie but is not Navigable & by his description of it it must be to the Southward of Gannet Island The River & the district round it is Called Eho-ke-anga. The Etang teda Eti-keta-kay To ko-ha lives on the North side of the River about half way up — he describes the Country to be covered with very large pine Trees & good soil — On this Chart he has delineated Capt. Cooks river Thames, which he calls Wongo-roa His habitation is the South side of a very large River which he calls Ho-do-do & I have no doubt is

[Page 191]

Doubtless Bay.
A little to the Southward of Ho-do-do lives a powerfull Chief called Te wite-e-wee Who is Chief of the District — he says the Inhabitants of Ho-do-do subject to the following Chiefs is not more than 1000 Men
Principal Chief or Etanga teda Etiketica — Te-wyta-wee Lives to the Southward of Doubtless Bay
2nd Etanga teda Etiketica ——— Wy-too-a Lives at the head
of the district
3 Etang a teda Etiketica ——— Moodee-wye lives on the North                     Side of Doubtfull Bay
4th Etanga teda Etiketica ——— Waw-way lives on the N side of
                            DsBay 5th Etanga teda Etiketica To-Moco-'Moco lives as above
6th D° D° Pock-a-roo —— lives with Wy tooa -
7th D° D° Tee-koo-ree' — Youngest Son of Te wyte-wee
Tookee & Woodoo do not inhabit the Same district, Woodoo lives in a district called Teer-ah-wette which is 2 days Journey from Ho-do-do & One Day by Water he describes the Road as very hilly, but the Country very thickly inhabited —

[Page 192]

Notwithstanding their being so great a misunderstands among the difft Tribes yet they have intervals of peace when they are very friendly & visit each other Woodoo & Tookee both agree that the Greatest Quantity of Flax grows in & about Hododo, the People of Teara-witte often fetching it from thence —
A Great many —————————— Ema ha
A Door ——————————————— Ewa-te-toka
Epuki ———————————————— A Hill
Etiane ———————————————— Sand or beach
Ep oo poo ————————————— Hello
To-ko-hai-ya ———————————— How many
Amoko ——————————————— The Marks on their face & Bodys

[Page 193]

[Page 194]

[Page 195]

Hoahows, Axes & Chizzles — Soon after 7 Canoes came onboard & the Ship was full of N. Zealanders among whom were four Eti-Kiticas & several Epodis the Whole Number onboard & along side were 150 Most of whom were in general the most muscular & tallest Men I have ever seen, The place where Tooke lives was now 24 Leagues to the South0 of ye place of where the Ship now lay becalmed. This was the fifth day since having been so long on our passage it was necssY we left N I. & I was anxious to return if my friends could be safely disposed of. I therefore asked Tooke whether the Information he had received any apprehension of his being in safety if he landed at M. W,f to which he seemed extreemley averse, giving two principal reasons that those who had given him ye infn were only Epodis, & therefore might be suspected of not tellS ye truth, & that if I did not go to Hododo he should be prevented from sending some tokens of his love & Esteem to his friends on Norfk Id without urging the Matter any further nothing more was said about [it] untill Ko-to-ko-to came onbd when all his doubts vanished & he told me with tears of Joy that he was willing to go with K who had confirmed all he had heard before who had promised to take them to Ho do do the next Morning, with all his & W'oodoos things which Consisted of 2 Bags containing Six Shifts of Linnen & 2 Suits of Green faced with Orange, 3 Swords Needles thread, Knives, lookS Glasses & many other necessary articles — the other contained 30 hand axes 46 Chissels 2 Carpenters Axes 4 Spades 1 Hand Saw
Moodee Whenua.

[Page 196]

 1 Piece of Green Baize, & another of blue and several other articles which I got from the Master of the Ship I also gave them of Wheat, Maize, & Pease, a Bushell of each besides a Quantity of Garden Seeds I also gave them Three Boars & Seven Sows, Unfortunately The three Goats which were the only articles of Stock brought from Norfolk Island all died the day before Tooke & Woodoo was landed having eat a quantity of a bark off some Spars — it was my intention to have given them some fowles & Ducks but as they would not be landed at the place where they lived, I deferred giving them any more Stock untill I might visit them again at their dwelling, which reason prevented my giving them many other articles which I had brought for them such as Frock Trowsers, Jackets Hats &c — this was the fifth day we had been from N I" owing to Light winds Tookes Residence was at least 24 Leagues further to the Southward of where the Ship lay, it was now a dead Calm & has the appearance of continuing so, if the Wind had enabled us to pass near to the Bay of Ids /near which T. lives/ in 3 days I should have gone with them & landed but as that was not the Case I did not consider my self Justifiable

[Page 197]

in detaining the Ship longer than was absolutely necessary to land Our two friends or put them into safe hands. Tookee has often told me that Notwithstanding the dift tribes being Occasionally at War with each other, yet they are for a length of time very good friends, & such had been the Case with the people of Hododo & Moodee Whenua for upwards of 30 Moons, When our Seperation came to this point, I felt much anxiety for the fate of our friends & expressed my doubts that this tale of K & his people might be an incentive to get them into his power & that they might not only be robbed of their effects I had given them but might also be killed, & added that if it should continue Calm or the wind come from the Southd /which would occasion a great loss of time & be the means of the Ship being long detained from pursuing her voyage to Bengali/ that I would much rather take them back again & wait for another opportunity than put them into the hands of those who could injure them & take their property, To this Tooke answerd that an Eti Ketica never told a lye or deceived

[Page 198]

& that they were ready & wished to go, I took the Old Chief & another with Tookee & Woodoo into the Cabbin, When I explained to him with the help of T how much I was interested in my friends getting safe home & showed him a present I had made up for him consisting of Axes & other Carpenters Tools (which was to him an invaluable present) I told him that I should most Certainly return in 2 Moons & go immediately to Ho do.do where if I found T was safely arrived with his effects I should then return to Moodee Whenua & make him & his tribe some very considerable presents which I enumerated I thought it unnecessary to threaten any punishment for failing in his engagements & which the parting of T & W rendered still more needless. The only answer the Old Man made me was by joining his Nose to

[Page 199]

mine & putting both hands to the Sides of [my] head, making me do the same to his, in which situation we remained near five minutes, after which he embraced tooke & Woodoo seperately for a much longer time & shedding tears of real Affection & Joy. I then repeated my former doubts to T & W & made the same offer of taking them back again but they repeated with an honest Confidence what they had before said that an Etiketica never deceived & they now considered him as their father. Whilst I was busied in getting what things I meant to send with them ready /which fell very short of what I should have given them had we been able to reach Ho-do-do/ Tooke who is a priest had made a camp indecipherable circle in the Center of which was [the Old Chief] & in a Summary way was telling them what he had seen

[Page 200]

To my publick Letter respecting my trip to N.Zealand

My to refer you for every circumstance attending it & I hope my proceedings in that business will be approved of & I am confident much good & publick utility would result to Her Colonies Great Britain & Her Colonies if a Settlement was made at the Bay of Islands or the River Thames however I have given you my sentiments on this in my preceding Letters, to which I must refer you, with this addition that what I have since in the very partial opinion which my going there since I went there I am more confirmed in my ideas of its apparent utility. In my publick Letter to Mr Dundass I have supported a circumstance respecting my leaving the Command of the Id during my absence with your Brother When I resolved upon going: I issued the General order a Copy of which is in my Enclosures to Mr Dundass, Mr Abbot waited on came to me in the most improper Manner & before the DY Surveyor he positively & unequivocally /in his own name & that of ye other Subs/ refused obeying the order, thereby? denying [indecipherable] my authority to make such an in one respect, I endeavoured to

[Page 201]

point out what I thought the Consequences of such behaviour might be but that only served to make him more irritable & obstinate in continuing his avowed disobedience intention of totally disobeying the order, which he doubted whether Capt Nepean would accept would obey or not. On my sending for Capt Nepean on my putting ye Question to him said he considered himself as an Officer liable to be called into Service in these Colonies on any Emergency 8c that he considered it his duty to obey any legal order which he might receive from a Superior Officer for the good of the Kings Service — Mr A did not now think proper to continue his declaration of disobeying the order but said that he should consider further about it & left me & intended to Embark early the next Morng it was now 6 oclock in the Evening & he did not think proper to obey the order order by untill 7 Oclock the next Morng when he told me that he should not retard the service by continuing this Disobedience, but that he should

[Page 202]

represent the Oppression he laboured under, as this is the substance of this business I must leave you to make your Comments on it. A current account of that proceed Officers Conduct I shall by the first opportunity lay before Major Grose, & if it appears to Major Grose that I made any improper use of My Authority I shall then lay before him the following reasons /which/ independant of the necessity I found my self under to leave a Sufft Number of Officers to form a Court Marshal.) in my opinion militated against my leaving Lt Abbot commanding officer in charge of ye Govt during My Absence, That Officer had in some manner? made himself since had some 6 Months ago, engaged some private Soldiers to pick a Quarrell with a Settler in order to beat him, which the Settler having notice of had collected other Settlers to repel force by force, but fortunately for the peace & Tranquility of this Id the Soldiers did not execute this put it in Execution this came before me as a complaint That officer has also been guilty of a Neglect of Duty in not laying before me, a Complaint made to him by the Jr. Officer in Command at Phillip burgh

[Page 203]

respecting alleged unfair proceedings in the issuing of provisions, the Next Sub1- Officer in Command to Lieutt Abbot is a perfect drunkard & by no means fit to succeed to the Charge of the Id in case of accidents happening to Lt Abbot, had I been inclined to leave him in the Govt with him.

[Page 205]

Gave ye Govt to Nepean 1/2 past ye Friday morng Nov 8th embarked with Nepean S.C. 2 N.C & 12 P & 1 C. saluted 11 Guns made sail at 4 Oclock Wind North - Saturday Light winds NW-S Calm Weather

[Page 204]

brought with me

P1 Ross — Rocky Point & one Pine point bears NNW ½ N of each other-
PGK
7
110

Memo
PPK
-

Bark for tanning or rope Ungeria
-Apl 1/89 -

1st Celebrate H Majs Birth day
-June 4/89.

Jones the first Convict become free took the farm near Cascade -
-June 26/89

Webb seaman of ye Sirius settld in Cascade —
-Nov 15/89

PGK embarked, superseded by Lt. Govr Ross —
-Mar 24/90